There are many natural ingredients, which examines in detail the geography of the Earth.Relief - one of them.Our planet is beautiful and unique!Her appearance - is the result of a whole range of different processes.Why
very diverse topography of the Earth?On this question, we will try as much as possible intelligibly answer in this article.Why
varied terrain?The main reason
deep underwater canyons and highest peaked peaks, huge flat plateaus and swampy hollows, wide endless plains and rolling hills - all of this can be found on the surface of our wonderful planet.Let's try to answer a simple question: why is Earth's topography is very diverse?
The main reason for such diversity - it is a mutual influence on the planet's surface internal (endogenous) and external (exogenous) processes.In turn, the catalyst for these processes, ultimately acts solar energy.
essence of endogenous processes is to move the earth's crust, which can be both vertical and horizontal.These movements not only change the overall structure of the Earth's crust, but also create new forms of relief.
While endogenous processes form the topography of the planet (acting as builders), exogenous hone and decorate it, as some "sculptors" earthly forms.They act on the surface of the Earth from the outside, through the weathering of rocks, the work surface and underground water, wind and gravity.It is important to note that these processes occurred and are occurring on our planet constantly.
denudation and accumulation - the basic processes of relief formation
Now that you know why the Earth's topography is very diverse, you can further describe the processes that the guilty.It's about the denudation and accumulation that are related dialectically.
Under denudation understand the totality of all the processes that are aimed at the destruction of rocks.The main driving force is the denudation of gravity (force of gravity).Rock falls, mudslides, the movement of large glaciers and flow of rivers - all of this, somehow, is connected with it.Denudation strives to align the relief of the territory.
accumulation - the opposite process, which is the accumulation of rock particles in certain areas the Earth's surface.However, denudation and accumulation are linked closely and inseparably.Due to the accumulation processes on the Earth's surface formed plains, terraces, deltas, dunes, coastal braids and the like.
Genetic types of terrestrial relief
a result of endogenous processes formed the following types of relief:
- tectonic;
- volcanic.
Among the main types of relief exogenous origin (genesis) should be allocated:
- relief of fluvial (river valleys, gullies, ravines, gullies, and so on. D.);
- ice (eskers, moraine ridges and valleys, kama, "mutton foreheads" and others.);
- Coast or abrasive (marches, braids, scarp, beaches and so on. N.);
- gravity (landslides, avalanches, debris);
- aeolian (dunes, dunes);
- karst (caves, sinkholes, karst mine);
- suffusion (pods, "steppe saucers");
- anthropogenic (relief created by human activity: quarries, mines, mounds, piles, dams, etc.).
All these many forms of relief and create the colorful and unique picture of our planet.
In conclusion
After reading this article, the question of why the Earth's topography is very diverse, no longer able to drive you into a dead end.The appearance of the drawing of the planet, created millions of years.The basis of the formation of the main forms of terrestrial relief is based on different processes, such as the endogenous (internal) and exogenous (external).
