As is known, to explore the entire system, it is necessary to examine its individual elements.For example, a company or enterprise is a large system, the effectiveness of which depends on the impact of each employee.But how to motivate employees to high-quality work?What determines human reluctance to carry out the work at full capacity?
Theory of Justice John Adams describes an interesting perspective on this issue.It says that in addition to the proportion of work / reward is there, and external evaluation due in relation to other employees.Theory of Justice Adams - a view deep into the thinking of the American Psychologist particular employee.
main theses of the theory of justice
question of subjective reasons for willingness or unwillingness of the working man at a certain level studied John Stacy Adams.The theory of justice, which he developed by examining the behavior of the people and the working conditions at one of the US 'General Electric', devoted to the assessment of fairness from the perspective of the employee.
Theory of Justice Adams says that people tend to compare the remuneration for work (the result) and the efforts he is making (deposit).This worker compares the corresponding figures of other employees, making a conclusion on justice of their remuneration.Depending on how a person is satisfied with the result of his observations, he models his behavior in the workplace.
Theory of Justice Adams briefly demonstrates the basic cause and inheritance due to the motivation of the employee.which arises as a reaction to the attitude of the contribution of the individual employee and the result compared with the contribution and the result of other employees.
essence of the concept and the result of the contribution
To work with a part of the settlement, it is necessary to specify the basic concepts works with theory of justice John. Adams:
- contribution - it is the accompanying employee efforts and skills, which he uses at work.This includes the experience, skills, education and personal characteristics, such as creativity, intelligence, dexterity, communication skills, etc.
- result - it gets the reward for labor, which consists of simple elements: monetary compensation, bonuses, benefits and social support and so on, as well as elements of the highest order: job satisfaction, the presence of varied and interesting challenges, implementation needs altruistic nature, power and recognition.
employee intuitively understands and accepts the fact that the more experienced and qualified staff should be rewarded with higher salaries.Also refers to the fact that the worker in the city and the employee in a small town can have different pay and conditions.
Who on earth all the sweeter
Comparing these figures at other people doing similar work, people draw conclusions.Theory of Justice Adams shows that it all depends on how much a person is satisfied with this comparative analysis.In other words, the motivation of the employee depends on how he sees his true position.
The question is, who compares himself with people - with the staff of his own company, or other companies of the city, the country, and can be with your friends?Theory of Justice Adams describes mainly the comparison of man with people similar position and type of work.Sometimes the comparison in a plane different in the nature of work, where a person subjectively assesses the complexity of work and pay.
justice Adams
theory of equality (equity) S. Adams gives the following definition: "justice - this is a subjective parameter and depends on the particular employee perception of reality."
Everyone has their level of susceptibility to such a subjective concept as justice, sometimes just knowing that "it's necessary" or "what to do, somebody has to do the job."Each has its own comfort zone, which he defines as justice.Some people prefer "uravnyalovku", others want to be a step above the rest, and the third - a step below.
Formula justice
Yes, such a subjective thing as justice, there is a formula, which operates the theory of justice of John Adams.She certainly does not describe the concept of universal justice, but justice from the perspective of the employee.
As you can see, the very essence of the question is very subjective, but it is inevitable if we consider concepts such as motivation, which describes the theory of justice Adams.Briefly justice can be described by the formula
Result worker / employee contribution = Result other working / contribution of other workers
Equality left and right half of the equation can be called a point of fairness.This would mean that the employee sees his award for his contribution to job fair.This means that it will continue to show the same impact in their work, performing it on the same level.Otherwise, he will treat his position as unfair - with little reward or overpayment - in excess compensation.
reaction to injustice
When comparing ourselves with others using the above formula, has concluded that it is unjust, for it will inevitably be reduction of motivation.So thought Stacy Adams theory of justice which identifies six possible scenarios.One or more of these options may choose a person as a response to injustice:
- reduction of their own efforts, the reluctance flat out "for a song";
- requirement to increase the pay or working conditions;
- demand from businesses to balance other employees by changing the payment and the load;
- reduced self-esteem as a result of the unfair assessment of him as an employee;
- choice for comparisons of another object, if the comparison is obvious irrationality or reason "where I be with them";
- attempt to modify the unit or place of work;
In addition, Adams admitted that the possible revaluation of the employee and their contribution and results.Simply put, a person can justify in their perception of pay, working conditions and to shift their views toward balance.But still a lot of good people prefer to find a decent wage for their labor.
reaction to increased remuneration
situations with excessive remuneration although more rare, but also to meet and have their own nuances.In this situation, considerable importance is a payment method used:
- piecework involves payment for the amount of work performed.If an employee observes an overpayment for his work, he tends to make fewer and better quality than the one who paid fairly.
- hourly rate or rate implies that the payment is not linked to the volume.When an employee overpayment will produce either more or better quality than the one who paid fairly.
It is evident that the overpayment on the deal is fraught with reduction in speed, which may be undesirable.Although there is an increase of quality, but in the case of low-paid compared to an increase in the quality of qualified on significant not expected.
task - to return the balance
necessary to consider that the above list of subjective reasons rather narrow, because in fact the person estimates more factors.The main task of the head in time to respond to the decline in motivation of employees, or too high a reward for their efforts.
