dual monarchy - is a form of government, which now is not too common.It originated in distant ages and now acquired the status of a political rudiment.Nevertheless, some countries, both European Asian, content with such a system of power.
Description term
In a legal sense dual monarchy - is a type of constitutional monarchy.From a practical and theoretical point of view, the monarch has unlimited rights and powers in relation to their state.However, the formal terms of its impact and actions are limited by the constitution.The name of this form of government has received due to the fact that in a country other than the monarch, there is another equally important person - the minister said.The essence of such power implies that none of the orders of the monarch can not be carried out before it does not confirm the minister.This forms a kind of vicious circle: the Minister may appoint only the head of power, and it can also shift from his position.Thus, the dual monarchy - is, in fact, absolute power, which is transmitted in the circle of the royal family from generation to generation.
Countries with a similar device power
Nowadays, many states have long been moved to a presidential-parliamentary and other control system, but some remain true to its bygone traditions.It states that still retained dual monarchy.Examples of countries can be found on all continents of the Eastern Hemisphere, and we will list them briefly.In Europe, it is Sweden, Denmark, Monaco, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein.In the Middle East - Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, the Far East - Japan.Some of these countries are at the same time to the absolute monarchy, where all the practical and legislative power belongs to the owner of the throne.Also note that some powers are synonymous and constitutional dual monarchy.Examples of this type - it is Denmark, Sweden, Luxembourg.
What is a constitutional monarchy in its pure form
This term is called the type of power, which is divided into two types.First - this is a parliamentary monarchy.Its essence lies in the fact that members of parliament are elected by voting.Which party gets the most votes of people, that will form the basis of legislative power in the country.The leader of the winning party becomes practically the head of state.Itself a monarch in this scenario performs a purely formal role.He may participate in decisions, laws, acts, but his voice is not decisive.Thus, the responsibility rests with parliament.The second type - the dualistic constitutional monarchy.Then the monarch already has a solid law, it claims all the laws, regulations and decisions, is control over the activities of other administrative bodies.He also has the right to recruit new people into the sphere of management of the country and dismiss the former employees.
Signs Dual Monarchy
So, we list the main characteristics by which one can determine whether a country under this category or not:
- the head of state is the monarch and other persons exercising authority.
- These individuals may only elect a monarch like to remove.
- Government shall be responsible only to the monarch, not the parliament.
- monarch is formally and practically the head of the country.Without it, do not make decisions, he corrects the work of other bodies.In a word, the power of his almost unlimited.
- dualistic form of monarchy is considered a transitional stage between Parliament and absolute.However, she is more inclined to the second, because, in fact, this power is in the hands of one person.
Looking in retrospect
This form of state power once was inherent to our country.When Russia began rebel strikes and revolutions, as well as aggravated "eternal" problems of our Fatherland - agrarian, national and geopolitical temporarily installed is dual monarchy.This type of rule lasted from 1905 to 1917, and he ceased to exist on our lands with the installation of Soviet socialist regime.
most prominent representative of this form of government was also Austro-Hungarian Empire.Since 1867 until the collapse in the country it was installed dual monarchy.The state was divided into two independent parts from each other, each of which had its own laws and regulations.If we look more deeply into the century, we can see that this form of government has been all over Europe and Asia.It was like a transition stage from the absolute power of the king to the parliamentary system, which lasted for many centuries.
Conclusion
summarize.Dual monarchy - a form of government in which power is exercised by the same person.Formally, the monarch coordinate with the Parliament and other government officials, but almost every decision becomes law for the whole country is taken by him personally.For all of its employees and advisers chosen by the ruling people, and he is, at the slightest disobedience, can fire them.Today this state apparatus is considered rare.All countries have long switched to a presidential-parliamentary type of control, which is also supported by the votes of the people.After all, in order to manage the vast country, especially given the pace of development of modern society, we need to be extremely strong and incomparably wise man.
