Epigenetic theory of personality development Erikson - one of the most established, proven theories of personality development.Personality development is interesting not only for psychologists.Personal development is also important for teachers to develop the personality of children of different age, personality development is important for businessmen interested in personal development of its employees, personal development is important and just for people who want to develop their personalities.
The book Erikson "Childhood and Society» (Erikson, 1963) presented a model of his "eight ages of man."According to Erikson, all the people in their development pass through eight crises or conflicts.Psychosocial adaptation achieved by man at every stage of development, at a later age can change its character, sometimes - radically.
For example, children who as infants were deprived of love and warmth, can become normal adults, if at a later stage they paid extra attention.
However, the nature of psychosocial adaptation to conflicts plays an important role in the development of the individual.The resolution of these conflicts is cumulative, and the way in which people adapt to life at every stage of development, influences how he copes with the next conflict.
So here are eight age periods of human development for Erickson:
From birth to one year
In this delicate and fragile age formed the most important quality - the ability to trust people and hope for the best.If the baby does not get enough love and attention can then be formed wary, reserved personality.
1-3 years
At age three children are often moody, inclined to insist on.And no wonder: during this time formed the most important quality of the people - will.Under favorable conditions, this crisis leaves little person independent and self-confident.
3-5 years
from three to five years, children engaged mainly play with peers, learning the basic social laws.At this time formed initiative, activity, purposefulness of the child, his willingness to communicate.If the parents were too "caring" and does not allow the child to actively explore the world, protecting it from all sorts of "dangers" of this crisis can get very "lazy" person.
5-11 years
Getting productive study - the very first child labor.At this time a person begins to understand the value of life advances, the need to make efforts in order to get what you want, including the respect of others.
11-20 years
at this time to form a view about their own uniqueness.Man looking for yourself, ask yourself the important questions of life is determined by the direction.It was at this age lays the foundation world, world becomes conscious and bright.
20-40 years
This is the period when the revised conception of life, to realize the value and importance of the people around them.And this crisis is obliged to pass on their own people - he can no longer be of any help nor hinder.
40-60 years
This is the age of creativity, an explosion of internal, spiritual activity, uptime, and on a readiness, and most importantly, the ability to help others.And from this comes the recent crisis is not just a man - out teacher.Anyone who has lived his life is not in vain, overcame a lot and learned a lot - and is now ready to share his knowledge with others.Alas, we are not always ready to listen to him, because everyone learns from their mistakes.
60 years and beyond
In the last stages of life, people usually lived life revising and re-evaluate it.If the person looking back at his life, is pleased, because it was full of meaning and active participation in the events, he finds that he lived not in vain and fully realized what it was allotted fate.Then he takes his life as a whole, what it is.But when life seems to be a waste of effort, and a succession of missed opportunities, he has a sense of despair.Obviously, this or that resolution of this latest conflict in a person's life depends on the cumulative experience gained in the resolution of all previous conflicts.
Dedicated Erickson stage of development are distributed to internal drive personality and attitudes of parents and other members of society to these forces.In addition, Ericsson is considering the stage as the period of life during which the acquired person experiences dictates the need for the most important tools to change the social environment and self.Although a way to resolve these conflicts affect the person setting his parents, social environment also has an exceptionally big impact.
Articles Source: vospitaj.com
