About Spartacus does not know anything except the most dense person.And you probably would say at least a minimum: "Yes, yes, it was a revolt of Spartacus.Gladiators fought for freedom. "
man of legend
Someone call the football club "Spartak".Theatergoers will remember the ballet "Spartacus" and musicals.Lovers of literature will list the plays and novels.Film fans - films about the man.
Than he deserves such fame?The movement for the freedom of slaves in ancient Rome (74-71 gg. BC. E.) Was so powerful that the revolt of Spartacus century after century, gives food for thought.His name - the symbol of the liberation struggle.
sold in gladiators
And where there was a conspiracy of slaves, headed by Spartacus?It is - comes from a family of aristocrats.He was born in Thrace (now Bulgaria).His name is not accidental tune with the family of the kings of the genus Spartocids.
Spartak - intelligent and educated.Like all men of the people, he thought the only decent career in the military.With 18 years - soldier of the Roman army.She then was the strongest.The young fighter had studied its organization and manner of warfare.It is suitable for the war Sparta.
Later Thracian went home that started the war with Rome.Fought.He was captured and sold into slavery.
way, he twice found himself a prisoner.But the first time was able to escape.When he was arrested a second time the Romans then sold the prisoner in gladiatorial school in Cana, where there was a conspiracy of slaves, headed by Spartacus.
native of elite strata was forced to fight for the amusement of the audience in the arena as miserable as he is.Stay in the school of gladiators - only delayed the death penalty.
But Spartak was strong not only physically.Through the power of the spirit, resistance fighter's he enjoyed the respect of the gladiators.
conspiracy and escape
The more ancient Rome became slaves, the increasingly repressive operation.They ran away, burned property owners, killed them.There were also performances by force of arms.But the revolts were isolated.
74 BC.e.in Kapuansky Gladiatorschool 200 were conspirators.At the head - a native of Thrace.
then Capua, where there was a conspiracy of slaves, headed by Spartacus, was no different from other cities.But soon start talking about it.For conspiracy uncovered.Participants seized.Only 78 people survived.They attacked the guards.We break down the door of the school and ran away from the city.
went to Mount Vesuvius.On the mountain camp.The rebels from everywhere flocked gladiators from other schools, plantation slaves, shepherds, peasants and soldiers.
first fight.The first victory
To fight the fugitives Capua sent his troops.But they suffered one defeat after another.This was announced in Rome.On the suppression of slaves sent a detachment of three thousand.It was headed by Claudius Pulcher.
This task seemed to him easy.By the top of the mountain led only one trail.Claudius wanted to block it - then starving rebels surrendered themselves prisoners.
Spartacus proved smarter.He ordered the men weave of vines of wild grapes ropes, wicker - ladders.At night, the soldiers went down.Caught off guard detachment of the Romans was destroyed.
«Servile War»
Claudius learned of the defeat in the capital.Directed to the suppression of "servile war", as they said, the regular troops.At their head - Pretoria Varinius.He forced the rebels to withdraw to the south.Spartacus himself is not eager to fight.His army was still weaker than the enemy.He planned to reach the affluent southern areas of the country.There are still soldiers and dial only to fight the Romans.
Varinius But, pursuing the rebels, divided his army into pieces.This helped Spartak one after another to deal with both the enemy troops.
As a result of these and other victories entire south of Italy was controlled by the rebels.But Spartacus and did not intend to settle here.He wanted to bring his fighters to Thrace, germanium, gallium, so they returned home.And because the army of runaway slaves begins its journey to the Alps.
worst enemy
only now getting reports about the scale of the rebellion, about 120,000 soldiers who have gathered under the banner of Spartacus, the Senate recognized the importance of the war with them.Against the rebels made two big army.In the battle they were consuls Gellius and Lentulus.
care with rich territories like not all of Spartacus.But even after such number of victories!Few believed in the defeat of the revolt of Spartacus.Both the leader, apparently, too.30 thousand disgruntled soldiers (under the command of Crixus) separated from the leader of the uprising, became a separate camp.They were caught and killed soldiers Gellius.He killed himself Creeks.
Lentulus hunt for Spartacus.But he broke his squad, and along with him came to the rescue of the aid Gellius.
Spartak quickly went from Italy.Here he was in Cisalpine Gaul.Here he met 10000th army of Praetor Gaius Vara.Once again, fate favored servants.
fatal mistake
the apogee of the war of the oppressed for their freedom.All it solved now.How to behave Spartacus?The uprising of slaves would not tolerate any failure?
Road in Transalpine Gaul, for the Alps, is open.A leader suddenly turns back - to Italy!Why is that?There is a version that he was counting on the support of Sertorius, but to kill.Here lie the reasons for the defeat of the revolt of Spartacus.
news that the rebel army goes to Rome, caused panic among the residents.They said that this cast commander ordered to go light.That is the extra baggage - to burn, kill and kill prisoners beasts of burden.
from a simple gladiator Spartacus became the most dangerous enemy of the great Rome.We take into account the fact that the main army of the Romans stayed in Thrace and Spain.In Rome hastily chosen a new commander in chief - Marcus Crassus.
And Spartacus suddenly changed his mind to go to the capital.He still considered his weaker Roman army.Instead of northern Gaul, the gate of which stood, turned to the south of Sicily.
That was his mistake.There reasons for the defeat of the uprising of Spartacus.Many of the rebels have taken this decision is bad.10 thousand people are simply separated from the main body of the army.Crassus immediately attacked them.He destroyed two thirds of the membership and continued pursuit of Spartacus.
And he was on the coast and has agreed with the pirates on the transport of troops to the island.But they had been deceived.Slowly brought ships from the Strait of Messina.
rebellious slaves, meanwhile, came to the southern part of the region Brutsium - Regia.There strait between Italy and Sicily the narrowest.Spartak, which was almost impossible to get anyone to change his decision, decided to sail on makeshift rafts.Logs and the barrel tied branches.But flown storm ruined puny fleet.
Spartak saw - the battle with Crassus will have to take.And he pulled all.I realized that can be cut off from the mainland by Spartacus.To do this, we dug a trench 55 kilometers long.From sea to sea.Slaves themselves surrender in captivity, when there will be nothing.
But the leader of the rebels did not want to wait passively.He led the army to the port of Brundisium.I thought there was a chance to escape from Italy.By Crassus is it a powerful reinforcement.
autumn of '71 BC.e.Silarius on the river in a fierce battle defeated the army of Spartacus Romans.The commander, who fought on an equal basis with others, was killed.
From Capua, where there was a conspiracy of slaves, headed by Spartacus, the river Silarius - this is a three-year path for the liberation of slaves.Fight hard, but unsuccessfully.
great commander
epic entitled "Spartacus slave revolt" over.Many have found death on the battlefield.A 6000 soldiers who were taken prisoner, was crucified on the cross.It is a terrible sight dragged along the path - from Capua to Rome.On the famous Appian Way.
After the war, Sparta any significant uprisings of slaves was not.Although servile never stopped their protests - in many different ways.
So servile war - played.Yes, it is in any riot took place, and the spontaneous element, and the usual mistakes.However, the Spartak, despite the fact that not studied military science, is considered a military genius.It is a long time came out the winner in the war, where the best forces were the enemy.Today it is still taken as an example as a military strategist.
