From the very ancient times, began to set up the various collections, includes a small, predominantly epigraphic poetic works of different authors.It should be noted that in the course of history in this volume are not only works of literature, but also, for example, music, movies and so on. D. They were called anthologies.Certain similarities such manuscripts have a textbook materials.What is the meaning of the word "anthology"?
Terminology
concept has Greek roots.What does the word "anthology"?Translated from the Greek - "flower", "a collection of flowers."I must say that, in addition to poems, collected aphorisms or maxims other selected works.In ancient times, it was a popular anthology of thoughts.It is through these collections today we know many sayings of the sages.Who was first compiled an anthology?What is it in the modern sense?Let's look at this article.
history
When the first anthology was compiled?What is it we explained above, and now we give some historical information.The first compiler of this collection became Meleager from Syria.It dates back to the 60th year BC.e.Among the authors of antiquity should be called of Philippe of Thessaloniki, Strato of Sardis and Diogeniana of Hercules.However, all these collections, worn different names, have not survived.To date came later meeting.For example, in the 10th century by Constantine Cephalus was compiled interesting anthology (which it is, by the time the philosophers know well enough).Constantine used the collections of his predecessors.In particular, the works of Agatha.Next collection was compiled by Maxim Planudom.Many researchers have drawn conclusions when studied this anthology, it is a collection of tasteless actually.It is, however, included a lot of interesting epigrams which treat works of art.The greatest popularity has got one of the first collections, compiled by John Lascaris.Subsequently, the anthology was reprinted several times.Of all there was only the last version was reissued.It was Henry Stepan.For this anthology, the author has used a variety of sources.
Anthologia inedita
In 1606, the Heidelberg library Salmazy found surviving copy of the list of anthologies compiled by Constantine mullet, and compared it with a collection of Planuda.Having written all of the first poem, which was not in the second, it was a new manuscript.However, the product did not work out, as well as, in fact, the publication d'Orville.During the Thirty Years War, the manuscript was transferred to Rome, and then - in Paris (during the revolutionary wars).In 1816, an anthology finally returned to Heidelberg.During this time, several times published excerpts from the meeting in excerpts or in full, under the title Anthologia inedita.
ancient manuscripts
should be noted that all the stuff that has been added subsequently idyll poets, epigrams, fragments of works found in various inscriptions and writings, was published in 1776 Brunkov.Then the manuscript was reprinted Jacobs with some omissions and explanations.When the same author and prepared a second meeting on the basis of made in 1776 in Rome copies.As part of this anthology present a collection Constantine Kefala with attached Planuda epigrams.By publishing in the years 1828-1829 he added a supplement, taken from different sources, Welker.In Paris, for a similar scheme with commentary and translation into Latin Dyubnera (who died before the end of the second volume) in the 1864-1872 biennium.there is a new edition.Some selected passages were translated into German.
Literature Some nationalities
Eastern nations have a lot of collections that contain a variety of extracts from the poetic works, belonging to the author, or excerpts collected on specific topics of the best writers and poets.Often, they are joined and biographical notes, which are set out in chronological order.The oldest known anthology is the people of China.This manuscript is titled "Chi Ching" and belongs to the canonical publications.Its author is considered to Confucius.Few anthological collections are in Sanskrit literature.The Arabs in this respect is somewhat richer.From them, I must say, the tradition be elected collections passed to the Persians.In turn, the Persian meeting is an example of Hindu Muslim, Ottoman, Turkish manuscripts.
Various collections of excerpts of works are popular and historical or educational subjects.
should be said that in our time such meetings are compiled for different genres and for different age groups (for example, "Anthology of Russian literature for children").
Roman manuscripts
should be noted that the present does not have the disposal of any Roman collection.Drawing anthologies began writers of a later period.In the process of they drew material from a large collection, which belongs to the 6th century, or take extracts from the handwritten inscriptions and writings.The first compiler - Scala, an anthology published in 1573.Subsequently, it was joined by several works of Pete.This edition, which was released in 1590, took advantage of Peter Burman (ml.).He created a manuscript containing 1544 individual poetic works.Additions and corrections, it was reprinted in 1835 by Mayer.In 1869, Reese has made new critical meeting, from which a lot has been excluded.So, we briefly considered the concept of "anthology", what is it, and who were the first authors.
