Every time in the life of our family, friends and acquaintances come in big trouble - someone is seriously ill, losing loved ones, and so on. D., - We contritely shakes his head sympathetically says: "What a tragedy!" But it happensand a different situation.For instance, a teenage girl unrequited love.It is sad, his eyes on the wet spot.What do you say to comfort, to soothe, to reason Nesmeyanov?Correct: "Just think, a tragedy!Yes, you have such Vit, sing, be Misch dozens!You won some beautiful and clever! ยป
Determination
To understand the scope of such a wide range of uses of the word, we shall understand its meaning.According to the dictionary, a tragedy - is, first of all, along with the drama and comedy, literary genre.The best-known examples of it are "Hamlet," "Othello," "King Lear" and other works of William Shakespeare.From the Russian literature, of course, we should remember Pushkin's "Boris Godunov," "The Miserly Knight," "The Stone Guest."Secondly, a tragedy - this misfortune, calamity, grief.It can be as an individual, personal, t. E. Occurred in the life of a specific person or family, and a large-scale, universal.World wars, natural disasters, environmental disasters related to such events.Synonyms for the word: dashing, poruha blow of fate, and others. And the third meaning - transference-ironic when a tragedy - it's just a pinprick, swollen to the size of an elephant.
Literature and Life
Literature - a reflection of life, the brightest and most intense moments of reality.Tiutchev wrote: "Blessed is he who visited this world / In his fateful minutes ..." Poets and writers who are fortunate enough to live in a fundamental and crucial moments in history, captured in the diaries, memoirs, novels, dramas Titanic and, alas, fruitless attempts of mankind to create a harmonioushappy world order.Life in such works abounds, rises to the edges of the possible, and the hero of their titanic efforts of willpower overcomes fatal coincidence.No wonder literary critics believe that it is a tragedy - this is the most complete expression of our being.This type of dramatic action more than others for a full reflection of life in all its diversity.
specifics of the genre
drama, tragedy, comedy - literary terms, come to us from the Greek language.It aesthetes Greece entered into the everyday life of their critics.Drama - this genre term, and of generic.As a literary family, she shares the tragedy - a tall, heroic genre, comedy - a genre is low, and the actual drama that combines some features of the first two.The plot of tragedies usually filled with conflicts and clashes, which allow a peaceful way possible.
tragic hero
catastrophe external and internal contradictions, the moment of maximum stress, stay on the edge of the main characters, "in the balance", are essential components of the action.The literary work reflects the tragic genre such conflicts in the society, in fact, it is really very serious.Hence the special heroic some pathos, which is typical for them.Recall throwing Hamlet, his endless internal moral fights with himself!And external collision with a hostile modern world is deeply flawed.More precisely, not only the world but also the century, the era!The hero of the tragedy and the majestic, challenging forces much more powerful than himself.And died in this confrontation, t. To. Can neither retreat nor defeat.It should be noted that not only dramatic but epics belong to this genre."Crime and Punishment," Dostoevsky, "Hero of Our Time" Lermontov or "scaffold" of our contemporary Aitmatov - each of them is the true tragedy of the novel.
term history
But back to thousands of years ago in ancient Greece.The Greeks were pagans worshiped a whole host of major and minor gods.The Pantheon quite figured prominently Dionysus - the patron of agriculture, wine, plants, inspiration, joy of life and fun, which is known to the Greeks associated with wine.In Greece there were many religious cults devoted to Dionysus.Various rites and rituals of his worship and glorification reflected in merrymaking and festivities held in honor of the Olympian.Sacrificial animals, which certainly was presented Dionysus was a goat.So the literal meaning of the tragedy - "goat song."During the holidays, the harvest and vintage Greeks played the whole presentation, during which sang the praises of God.People ryadilis in animal skins, depicting satyrs - fantastic creatures, similar to the goats - they, too, praised his patron, Dionysus.On the basis of this action was born the ancient tragedy - a mix of myth with reality, solemn choral songs and praises satyrs.Over time, the festival has become complicated plot, there appeared a conflict, the dramatic element.And the action itself moved from the fields and forests on the stage.
