The device industry for the manufacture of plastics or refrigerating devices require constant cooling.For these purposes, use special equipment - cooling tower.What it is?What is the mechanism of action of this unit?It was later in the article.
General
So cooling tower.What is it?With this equipment it is possible to cool the water in large quantities, using the directional flow of air.Such units are used to lower the temperature by heat exchangers located in the various recycling systems.Cooling towers are widely used in the construction of civilian facilities.For example, as emergency generators for cooling or refrigerating systems of capacitors.
Classification
line into a hot water coming from the outside, is cooled to the required temperature.Keep in mind, studying how the cooling tower, that the equipment is of many kinds.So, before you make a choice in favor of one of them, you must pay attention to the following factors:
- water consumption.
- meteorological conditions.
- Technical calculations.
- number removes heat.
- located on the site.
- chemical composition of recycled and make-up water.
cooling tower can also be classified into dry, evaporative, and hybrid, depending on the desired water temperature, the destination of the cooled liquid and a method for transferring heat.In accordance with the scope, the following types of cooling towers:
- Fan.
- Open.
- Evaporative.
- Tower.
- Hybrid.
- Cooling towers with natural draft air.
- dry.
It should also be remembered (in those cases when the cooling tower is required) that the equipment, besides advantages has disadvantages.Let us consider them in more detail for each species.
Cooling towers
units are the most efficient equipment, which is used to cool the water in the circulating water systems in industrial plants.Inside this air draft apparatus is formed in a natural way with the help of the stack required for the circulation of chilled water.The amount of chilled water in a cooling tower is several times greater than that used by the company.The height of the unit may be about 200 meters, and the total irrigated area is measured at 10, 000 m2.For cooling water in the cooling tower requires minimal cost.It is very easy to use.Cooling towers can be placed in the vicinity of industrial sites.In this unit there are only three drawbacks.This, in particular, the high inertia, the complexity of construction and high construction costs.
units Evaporative cooling towers
device of this type provides for a sprinkler, two heat exchangers, tank to collect water, fan, drift eliminators, spray headers devices.In evaporative cooling there are a number of advantages.This energy savings, which comes to 80%, small material consumption, reliability, installation, minimal maintenance costs.The service life of evaporative cooling is about 30 years.Among the shortcomings can be listed complexity of cleaning and rinsing, the growth of water on the surface of the stone pipes.
Fan phones
air supply in such systems is done by means of one or more fans.Due to the movement of blades warm air is sucked through the inlet box, thereby cooling the water.The liquid flows down the walls in the large tank;a pair of output warm air into the atmosphere via the diffuser and carry off the smallest drops.To avoid the loss of a large amount of recycled water, the top of the cooling tower to be installed eliminator.The fan unit allows you to quickly and efficiently cool the water.Such a tower can be used in various environmental and engineering ranges.It is easy to maintain and repair.The main drawback of cooling tower - is the high cost of electricity.
open cooling tower
principle of operation in such plants based on natural convection and wind.On all sides irrigation canals enclosed blinds that do not allow the removal of water from the basin.Open cooling towers to a large extent depend on the wind.It is careful not to build such facilities near businesses that require maintaining a constant temperature of circulating water.Open cooling towers have a greater cooling effect.Because of this, they can be placed on the roofs of buildings or as air-conditioning systems.Open cooling towers operate at minimum cost electricity.But they need a high inertia and large areas.
Dry phones
In such installations, the water is cooled by air with the help of several heat exchangers, axial fans and valves to drain.As auxiliary equipment used air filters and pumps.The walls of the radiator transfer heat by heat conduction and convection.The water inside the dry cooler is cooled with air which is fed a low-power blower, which implies energy savings.Dry aggregates are rarely used because of the low depth of the chilled water.Radiator composed of aluminum and steel tubes, has the task of sprinkler.Water is completely isolated from the outside air, since only the closed circulating loop.Dry Coolers are several times more expensive than usual.But they do not increase the humidity in the atmosphere and not contaminate its chemical waste.
Hybrid units
These units are designed for dry and wet cooling.For this purpose, the technology of ecological heat dissipation to the atmosphere.Tower and fans which are located around the perimeter of the cooled water to the dry cooling tower.In this arrangement combines two or more heat exchange sections or different surfaces.The cooling water in the cooling tower type occurs between the air and through the wall of the circulating water.In hot climates air for cooling water passes prewetting advance.A low temperature, dry air is supplied from the atmosphere.
