In terms of the subjective approach in the sociology of the personality is the only true measure of historical development, social progress, and it is the link of the entire social process.These ideas were first put forward by PL Lavrov, who developed the doctrine of the society as a whole, its development directions and patterns of functioning.Method Lavrov is to consider all of these phenomena in terms of personality.The subject - that's what is most important to understand the world.The latter is represented by a person in the ways of his knowledge, that carries the subject itself.
main provisions
subjective approach was developed primarily by PL Lavrov and NK Mikhailovsky This theory has several components:
- subjective method in sociology, its rationale, its determination on the basis of the subject of science;
- identify the determinants of the development of society;
- kind of look at the reasons and criteria of social progress;
- identity and its role in history.
Justification subjective method
objective methods of knowledge inherent in the natural sciences, while sociology is to use the subjective approach.From this point of view, the method defined Lavrov to the fore a person, not a group or class.Namely it operates in the society under the influence subjective determinant and not to external factors.Thus, a person can not be knowable by anyone other than a subject by means of the principle of empathy.This means that the observer can put yourself in the position of the observed, to identify with him, and thus to understand and learn.
Community development and social progress criteria
subjective method in sociology Lavrov and Mikhailovsky puts the person at the center of society.Consequently, the latter progresses as it develops the identity of the moral, mental and physical.The objectives of the society can be achieved only by the individual, which in any case should not be absorbed by society.Thus, the method in sociology Lavrov puts to the fore the study of relationships between people, the search for the causes of such interaction as the only method of studying the history of mankind.
personality as the driving force of history
How does a person become an engine of social progress and the arbiter of the history of mankind?Critical thought - the answer gives a subjective method Lavrov.Personality, critical thinking abilities, are the engines of civilization.They are a minority in the community, while others should provide conditions for their existence.Critical thinking minority determines the moral orientation of society.These individuals do not need to be sealed and suppressed, otherwise society simply perish.Thus, the main objectives of social development should become self-actualizing personality, personality development and critical thinking.That is why social progress is characterized by the establishment of relations between people who contribute to the development of personality in all its manifestations.
