BSSR - is the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, one of the 16 former republics of the USSR.After the collapse of the Soviet Union Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic BSSR became Belarus.The capital is the city of Minsk, who was one of the largest and most densely populated cities in the Soviet Union.In addition, the Byelorussian SSR should be allocated 6 regions, 117 districts in rural areas, 98 cities and 111 urban-type settlements.
existed for a long time, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.The flag was presented various options in its history.These options are presented in the article.
Interestingly, when there Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, coat of arms almost unchanged.
History of
between states such as Poland, the Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, RSFSR, USSR, after the revolution was created Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.Its territory consisted of about 207 600 km2.Originally it belonged to the Byelorussian SSR and the RSFSR only two years later became an independent republic.Immediately after the removal of the Byelorussian SSR was united with the Lithuanian Soviet Republic was formed and the Lithuanian-Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, or, as it is called, SSR Litbel, but only a year and a half.Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1919 was in fact part of a larger country.Lithuanian-Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic had two.Moscow-Litovsk Treaty, which was signed on July 12, 1920, was an omen of the collapse of the USSR Litbel.And on July 31 the Lithuanian-Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic is completely broken up.Thus, the Byelorussian SSR was created in 1919, and then went into a large pool after, from 1920 to 1991, it existed in the previous status and became an independent state.
Economic characteristics
In 1980 Byelorussian SSR was invested 4.3 billion rubles for the development of industry, agriculture and infrastructure.The most developed industries of the State could be called the chemical, petrochemical and food industries.Rapid economic growth (1940 to 1980) was carried out at the expense of heavy investment and the labor of the Belarusian people.People living in the republic after the war, rebuilt the city, many of which can be said to have been built from scratch, organize the production and extraction of minerals.As much as 29 times the volume of production increased in only 40 years.Fuel BSSR and the Republic of Belarus has provided and ensured by its abundant reserves of natural gas, oil, coal and peat.The rich mineral deposits have also been designed and equipped with the help of investments of the USSR.The length of railways in Byelorussia for 1982 was as much as 5513 km, and roads for motor vehicles - 36 700 km.
population
Byelorussian SSR was one of the most densely populated parts of the Soviet Union in 1984. The population density was 47.6 people per 1 km2.Uniform settlement of the republic is due to relatively equal natural conditions throughout its territory.However, the most populated was the center of the country, which can be explained by location is of major cities, including Minsk.Between 1950 and 1970, the urban population is growing faster than the average for the USSR.
Nature BSSR
Republic is on the East European Plain, occupying the middle of the Dnieper basin and the western Dvina and Neman in its upper reaches.Mostly flat type of surface.However, the area is characterized by the alternation of hills and lowlands that are sometimes heavily waterlogged, moreover, in the territory of the Byelorussian SSR was a large number of lakes.Quaternary glaciation makes this feature of relief.On the north-western part of the state is a whole system of terminal moraine ridges.In the northeast, there are hills.
Relief
in the direction from west to east in the former BSSR stretches Belarusian ridge, which is composed of separate parts, the hills, formed in Moscow glaciation.In parallel from it are pre-glacial plain.Belarusian Polesie, located in the south of the state, known as a special case of the plains.Hills and ridges also act in the south, near the Belarusian Polesie.
Climate
Byelorussian SSR was in the temperate zone, which means that the climate is temperate continental.January temperatures - around -4 ° C, however, due to a relatively large extent from north to south, this value may vary.The average July temperature - about 17 ° C, but for the same reason, the value may not be accurate for absolutely all areas of the country.The climate is continental, and therefore a bit of precipitation - 550-700 mm.
River
The Byelorussian SSR was a large number of rivers, both small and large in extent.The overall length of the read value of 90 600 km.All of them belong to the basin of the Atlantic, namely the Black and Baltic seas.Some rivers are used for transportation.Byelorussian SSR was very rich in forests, which occupied one third of the territory, vegetation, swamps and shrubs located on the territory of 1/10.
territory BSSR was not on the edge of the East European plate, and hence the seismological activity could not be strong, the most powerful earthquake is less than 5 points.
of natural resources BSSR
most important minerals, which are now in the territory of Belarus in large quantities, can be called a gas, oil, coal and various salts.
oil and gas area is very rich in the northern part of the Pripyat Trough.A distinctive feature of oil - it is massive and the location of their layers.Natural gas is not present in large quantities, and therefore produced simultaneously.
brown coal and shale
also on the territory of the Byelorussian SSR were discovered huge reserves of brown coal.Peat is represented by 39 species.He is one of the main fuels in Belarus.As many as 7,000 coal deposits, whose total area is about 2.5 million hectares, simply can not be used.The total amount of peat - 1.1 billion tons, is truly rich reserves.
In addition, in Byelorussia began to extract oil shale, which are located, according to geologists, to a depth of 600 m. The huge reserves of shale as widely used as fuel.
Salt Potash and rock salt mining and chemical raw materials are.Power Layers - 1-40 m. They are overlain by carbonate-clay rocks.Potash reserves, there are about 7.8 tonnes mldr. They are produced in various fields, such as Starobin and Petrikov.Rock salt represented 20 mldr t, they lie at a depth of 750 meters.Extract them in such fields as Davydov and Mozyr.In addition, the Byelorussian SSR was rich in phosphorite.
Construction breed
territory of Belarus also has rich reserves of building and facing stone, chalk, clay and building sand.Inventories of building stone - about 457 million m3, of facing - about 4.6 million m3.Most are rich in building stone southern regions of Belarus.Dolomites, on the other hand, come to the surface in the north.Their reserves - about 437.8 million tons. BSSR was rich, and the Cretaceous rocks stocks which today account for about 3.679 billion tons. Clay of various kinds are represented on the territory of Belarus reserves of 587 million m3, are located mostly in Minsk, Grodno,Gomel and Vitebsk regions.
of mineral resources
on the territory of the Byelorussian SSR, as has been said, are actively mined mineral resources.Their development began another 30 000 years ago during the late Paleolithic.While people living in this area, flint was mined from the ground.About 4.5 million years ago, it has already been developed kremnedobyvayuschy fishing.We found a large number of mines that were used back in the Cretaceous period.Their depth is no more than 6 meters, but given the time of their occurrence, it can be assumed that the production of flint was highly developed among residents of these areas.There were also several sets of shafts connected by transitions, typically up to 5.
production development
mines have been found in ancient needles that were meant for stitching the bags required for the transportation of mined mineral.I handle material near the exit.Flint was used for the manufacture of axes.Already in the fifth century BCIt began mining of metals, of which the people who lived on the territory of Belarus, creating items for life and weapons.In addition, because clay was made tableware for different needs.Already in the 16th century began to appear glassware, and in the 18th appeared the first in the area of manufacture.
Extraction of peat Extraction of peat
in Byelorussia became an independent branch of industry.Volumes have steadily increased due to the increase of use.There peat companies that strengthened the industry.But during the Second World War, almost all of them were destroyed.Only by 1949 the volume of extracted peat reached the previous values.
mining salt
As already mentioned, potash and rock salt on the territory of Belarus are in large numbers.But only in 1961 it began their active mining.Used to underground mining of deposits.The richest of them - Starobin.The mechanization of most of the production has led to an increase in the volume of salt by 60% in 1965 and 98% in 1980.
Security subsoil
in Byelorussia actively mined minerals, it is not difficult to guess that it is strongly influenced by the environment.Vast areas have been hit hard.Therefore, recreational activities were held, aimed at enriching the mineral resources and resource recovery, such as fertilization and planting trees.
Education specialists industrial sector
Belorussian Polytechnic Institute, formed back in the Byelorussian SSR, prepares staff to work in the mining industry.It was founded in 1933 in Minsk.Already in 1969 there were as many as 12 departments.There are also other educational institutions.Technical schools now provide education on the development of peat deposits, underground processing of ores and non-metallic minerals and other industries.
Arena confrontation
In 1920, the Byelorussian SSR, one might say, was the center of opposition to bourgeois Europe and the USSR.Last party would retain power in Poland, the interests of the Soviet Union represented by a delegation of the Russian Federation.The decision was made not in favor of the Byelorussian SSR.Decision made it impossible to expand at the expense of Belarus in Poland.
Socialists BSSR were unhappy with the location of boundaries with its neighbors, namely the Russian Federation and Poland.They believed that it is impossible to set boundaries on ethnographic grounds.Unity on the territory was not.
Great Patriotic War
During WWII BSSR and USSR suffered more than other parts of the Soviet Union.In the Byelorussian SSR, killing more than 2 million people, as the country had exported about 380 thousand. The number of people who lived before the war, was only achieved by 1971.The Nazi invaders destroyed 209 cities and towns, many of which had to be rebuilt, only 2.8 million square meters of housing has escaped from nearly 10.8.
independence and the interesting facts
in 1990 signed the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Byelorussian SSR, which meant that her imminent separation.September 19, 1991, it became officially known as the Republic of Belarus.In the same year it was created and signed an agreement on creation of the CIS.The association consisted of the Russian Federation, Ukraine and Belarus.An interesting fact in the history of this state can be called that as many as 46 years of this republic, as well as the USSR, was one of the members of the UN (United Nations), although it remained dependent state - the Byelorussian SSR.In 1920-1930-ies in the country is the development of constitutionalism.
