scientific communism in the Soviet Union was the subject, mandatory for all students in higher education.Teachers who specialize in a report to its postulates to the minds of the young generation regarded him as the main discipline, without the knowledge of which any young professional person considered unenlightened and not sufficiently educated.In addition, each graduate student, had to learn the articles of the Constitution of the USSR, which set out the basic principles of communism, the cherished goal of Soviet society.But before she had yet to be reached, as long as people live in conditions of developed socialism.
role of money
Money under socialism has not been canceled, all of them eager to make.It was assumed that one more of them, that works better, and consequently, good guess.Higher phases of development of public relations proclaimed by socialism and communism.Differences between these formations, however, are very serious.Understanding their society ranged from primitive (no money, take the store what you want) to the highly scientific (creation of the new man, the add-basis, material and technical base, and so on.).The task was complicated propagandists - needed to find some middle ground, because the masses are not owned for the most part "the science of all sciences," and they were the main object of propaganda.The simplest principle of modern life asserts in "Stalin" Constitution.It is clearly stated that everyone is obliged to work to the best of his abilities, and he will be rewarded according to the common cause of the embedded work.About the same formulated postulate of Soviet life and in the main Act 1977.
sources
Even the most devoted supporters of Marxism have been forced to acknowledge that the communist ideas did not arise in the brilliant mind of the author of the most progressive theory, and are the result of the synthesis of "three pillars", taken from the "three sources" as thatHe told in one of his works of Lenin.One of the key life-giving science became a utopian socialism, whose founder was the French sociologist and philosopher Saint-Simon.It is to him we owe the general well-known expression, which became the motto of the socialist world order, "to each according to his contribution, from each according to his ability."Previously, Saint-Simon wrote the same and Louis Blanc in an article on the organization of work (1840).And before that a fair distribution of the product preached Morelli (the "Code of nature ...", 1755).Karl Marx quoted Saint-Simon in the "Critique of the Gotha Program" in 1875.
New Testament and the principle of "to each according to his needs, from each according to ability"
If you do research progress of human thought concerning the proportionality of labor input derived benefits, you can be sure that paraphrased the motto of the Marxists is even in the "NewTestament ", which declares that everyone should get what is need.Practically it is the same thing as "to each according to his needs, from each according to his ability."The only difference in the wording.Thus, the slogan of a communist society formulated the New Testament Christian love to the detriment of social justice.
What to do with the property?
key distinction socialism from capitalism is inherent in this system of social ownership of the means of production.Any private enterprise is considered in this case the exploitation of man by man and is punishable under the law of criminal procedure.Public under socialism is that which belongs to the state.And idealistic utopians like Thomas Mora and Henri de Saint-Simon, and closer to us chronologically Marx and Engels believed that every possession in the ideal human society is unacceptable.Besides the state under communism is doomed to extinction because of its uselessness.Thus, both the private and personal, and government and public property should be completely lost its meaning.We can only speculate on what kind of structure will be engaged in the distribution of wealth.
triune task as a mirror of the revolution
Marxism-Leninism has pointed to the fact that a successful transition to the big social formation is necessary to solve a three-pronged problem.In order to avoid any disputes with the division of the social product, it requires an absolute abundance in which goods will be so many that they will be enough at all, and still have.Next is not everyone can understand the point about the formation of specific social relations that are unique to communism.And not a clear third component of a three-pronged task is to create a new man, which transcend all the passions, he does not need luxury, he is content enough, just think about the benefits of society.That's when all three pieces come together, at the same moment you pass the dividing line between socialism and communism.Differences in approach solutions triune task observed in different countries, from Soviet Russia to Kampuchea.Without success, none of bold experiments.
Theory and practice Communism
Soviet people have been waiting since the early sixties.According to the promise of the First Secretary of the CPSU Khrushchev, in the eightieth year as a whole will create the conditions under which the company will begin to live according to the principle "to each according to his needs, from each according to his ability."This did not happen immediately, for three reasons, all three of the relevant principles of the triune task.If in the eightieth year of the twentieth century in the Soviet Union began to divide the social product, the matter would not be without conflict ended.This was confirmed a little later, during the mass privatization in the nineties.With regards also somehow it did not work out, and even on the new man ... Since it happened very tight.Hungry for material wealth of the former citizens of a great country at the mercy of the opposite ideologies greed.It was possible to realize the desire for enrichment is not all.
a result
Communist society has entered the history of mankind as one of the greatest unrealized projects.Scale attempts a radical transformation of the previously established principles of social organization in Soviet Russia was unprecedented.The age-old way of the new government broke, and in their place erected a system alien to human nature, in the words of a sermon universal equality, but in reality once the population to share in the "higher" and "lower".In the first years after the revolution, the inhabitants of the Kremlin began to think seriously about what kind of car garage more befitting of the king occupied the rank of Party member.Such a situation could not lead to the collapse of the socialist system in a historically short period of time.
most successful principle of "to each according to his needs, from each according to his ability" is observed in the kibbutzim, the social economy, created on the territory of the State of Israel.Any of the inhabitants of such a settlement may request to provide him an object of life, justifying it emerged need.The decision taken by the Chairman.Comply with a request not always.
