In the list of the most important properties possessed by a person, one of the first position is occupied by temperament.The interest in this concept originated long ago, another 2.5 thousand years ago.In those days it was realized some differences between people.The obvious fact considered existing individual characteristics of the physiological and biological structure of man, as well as its social development.All of these factors were thoroughly studied.
concept of temperament
All people have certain patterns of behavior.Some of them are mobile, emotional and energetic second imperturbable, slow and calm, others are secretive, sad and closed.
Temperament refers to a category of biological structures and is the property of the individual person, characterizing the depth and power of his feelings, general mobility and quickness of movement.These are the basic traits and give a special color all human activity.
individual characteristics of temperament determine the dynamics of behavior and human mental activity.They characterize the speed and intensity of the response, the degree of emotional balance and irritability, as well as the ability to adapt to the environment.
components
Temperament has two components.One of them - the activity, and the second - emotionality.The first element is a characteristic of the degree of energy, quickness and speed, or, on the contrary, inertia and slowness.
As for emotion, that this is an important characteristic of temperament associated with impressionable man and his impulsiveness.
Types temperament
Even the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates was proposed to study the concept of a private individual to individual.In his teachings of the great healer he explained that temperament is directly dependent on the mixture of the four body fluids - blood red and yellow bile, black bile and phlegm.The predominance of one or another component that underlies the sanguine or choleric, melancholic and phlegmatic personality type.
should emphasize the fact that there is no good or bad temperaments.Each of them has its both positive and negative sides.When communicating with a person should not seek to change behaviors, because they are innate.It should be reasonable to use all the advantages of temperament and neutralize its negative edge.
Characteristic temperament
main types of individual characteristics of a person's behavior have between them differences in the intensity of the emotional state and the dynamics of its occurrence.For example, the choleric type is characterized by strong and fast the feeling.In sanguine feeling weak.Although they appear as quickly.Melancholic temperament is characterized by strong feelings, appearing for a long period.Phlegmatic all psycho-emotional processes are extremely slow.Emerging with feeling very weak.
Natura temperamental - it's choleric and sanguine.Such people are quick in movement and mobility.They tend to have a strong external expressions of feelings.This is reflected in facial expressions, speech, movement, and so on. D. Characteristics of types of temperament suggests that phlegmatic and melancholic, on the contrary, the feelings expressed weakly.Thus they have been slow movements.
System dominant instincts
A slightly different classification of human temperaments.It is determined by the dominant instincts and represented seven different species.The first of them - egofilny.Such people in early childhood have a high care.They are characterized by intolerance of pain, fear and a tendency to conservatism, suspiciousness, mistrust and suspicion.
next type of temperament - genofilny.The people who have them, "I" is replaced by the concept of "we".This type of person is very responsive and nicely captures the emerging challenges relatives.If circumstances are unfavorable, the anxious personality is formed, which is focused on caring for family and children.
altruistic personality type is characterized by childhood generosity, kindness and empathy.These people understand the status of others, willing to give him the last.Altruist will not be able to hit a man even in response.
When research says a special type of temperament curiosity from early childhood.Such a person tends to always get to the heart of the matter.
Dominant temperament due to the desire for leadership.This manifests the ability to set a goal and organize and express the will for any problem.These people are different logical thinking and courage, the ability to highlight important and responsibility.
Features temperament libertofilnogo type occur even with a cradle.The child had already protested against the diaper and long lying in bed.Over the years, with it growing tendency to impatience any restriction on freedom.People with this temperament reject authority, they show tolerance for hardship and pain.These individuals tend to self-sufficiency.They are characterized by frequent change of jobs, intolerance to routine.They are not difficult to change your lifestyle.
Psychological characteristics such as temperament lignitofilnogo lies in tolerance to any kind of humiliation.From an early age, these people are able to grasp the irony and ridicule in his address.Agree with these children can only by affection.
Psychodiagnostics
Regarding individual characteristics of a particular nature of the conclusions can only be made after the test will be conducted.Temperament, which will reveal any psychological testing, however, can not be considered a hundred percent inherent in a particular individual.The fact is that each of us tomorrow may become a little different.
tests to determine the different abilities are used for a long time.They can be used to identify not only the intelligence, aptitude and employee, as well as his sincerity, etc.
However, mistakenly believe that the holding of the temperament test will allow people to distribute its basic types.Few are the undisputed representatives of this or that type of behavior.Psychological characteristics of temperament reveals in most cases a combination of one species with the other features.
basis of the nature
Temperament and personality are closely interrelated.Features of human behavior determined by a number of its individual properties.First of all, they include the character.
In that case, when we say that a person temperamental, this means that we are talking about a person emotional, sensitive, anxious and impulsive.It's such a nature, the nature of which have a significant impact various incentives.If
temperamental personality, it means a greater impact on its incentives to those who are not particularly affect a person less impressionable.Specific features of the behavior of each of us are directly dependent on emotion.If the temperamental nature, which means that it attaches great importance to the events that are happening around her.This great depth and speed of emotional reactions.
temperamental man has a much stronger bodily reactions.At the same time they are closely linked with emotions.Such an individual is never calm.It is in constant captive any emotion or, conversely, depressed.
temperamental character rather impulsive.This is evident in the reactions of incontinence, their spontaneity.At the same time actions in any situation produced by man before he has time to think about them and make the right decision.
temperamental temperamental woman or a man primarily react.Only after that they are considering the correctness of their actions, often regretting the premature and incorrect actions or statements.Temperamental personality characterized by anxiety.She often have fears and concerns, and fear of anything.All these emotional experiences directly related to emerging concern.Such a person think that the surrounding reality in many of its manifestations is a direct threat to his own "I".Temperamental personality of this type is afraid of phone calls and strangers, examinations and public appearances, official institutions, and so on. D.
origins temperament
Specific features of human behavior depend on the conditions in which there was the formation of his personality.Ultimately, temperament affect education and training, traditions of society and its culture, customs of ethnic groups and more.
Impact on personal abilities
the temperament to some extent depends on the ability to obtain certain skills.This is especially true of the ability to perform precise and complex movements, have an uneven pace and difficult path.The speed of the reaction and speed the excitability important to improve performance and concentration for a long time.
difference of temperament on the nature
features of human behavior is not characterized by substantial facets of personality.They have no relation to the beliefs and views, ideologies and interests do not define the limits of achievement.Temperament refers only to the dynamic of the activity.But at the same time, human behavior can be judged on his character, the qualitative features of the individual.
