certain set of relations in the economic field, characterized by the values of cash mediation in sales and purchases of goods, called the market.This is complex and branched structure enables manufacturers to sell their products to the maximum according to the existing consumer demand.It covers all areas of their influence modern economic relations.
Main characteristics of the market - the presence of elements which directly relate to the provision of production, as well as the presence of components of monetary and material handling.On the economic structure have a significant impact various forms of ownership and farming, as well as the specific features present in the field of finished products, the level of privatization of enterprises, etc.
market has some connection with the spiritual and non-production sphere, as well as the marketing of intellectual writers, scholars, artists, etc.All this variety of relationships makes it a complex structure.It, in turn, includes various types of markets and its various types.Scientists have isolated more than ten criteria that are key to the characteristics of this complex structure.Types of markets and their classification includes in its membership many groups.They are divided by the spatial arrangement and economic relations:
1. According to geographical location:
- local (local);
- regional;
- national;
- world.
2. By appointment objects market is divided into:
- consumer;
- securities;
- labor force;
- foreign exchange;
- information;
- Science and Technology.
3. By commodity groups:
- markets products for production purposes;
- consumer goods markets;
- markets and raw materials resources.
4. On the subjects of market relations:
- consumer market;
- market vendors;
- institutions of the public sphere;
- mediation.
5. In the presence of the competitors are divided into types of markets:
- monopoly;
- oligopolistic;
- monopolistic competition;
- perfect competition.
6. On the grounds of saturation are grouped on:
- equilibrium;
- scarce;
- redundant.
7. The nature of the relationship mature market structure can be:
- undeveloped;
- developed;
- emerging.
8. In relation to the current legislation on the types of markets are grouped:
- official;
- shadow.
9. According to the types of realization they are divided into:
- retail;
- wholesale.
10. According to the characteristics of assortment of goods sold are the following types of markets:
- closed (offering customers products issued by the first manufacturer);
- saturated (selling goods produced by different companies);
- a wide assortment list (offering a certain number of products, the use of which meets the interrelated needs);
- mixed (implementing a variety of products).
11. On the sectoral type of distinction:
- the oil market;
- car;
- computer market, etc.
The complex structure of the markets highlights five types.These include:
- market goods and services, which includes different subtypes of this group, which supplies consumer demand;
- Market factors of production (instruments of labor and property, material, energy and raw materials as well as natural resources);
- financial markets (investment, credit, monetary and securities);
- market intelligent products (innovations, inventions, services, informational, and literary and artistic works);
- the labor market (labor force).
