We are so accustomed to all the benefits of civilization: no longer represent much as possible to quickly heat the kettle without water, wash a large amount of laundry, vacuuming or whether single people not to watch television?As usual we receive wire current (220 V), thereby providing us with normal activity.But there are appliances and systems, for which the maximum voltage is not required.For such devices are supplied other wires, which together are called "low-voltage systems."
What is the current system is weak?
existing low-voltage systems, which still bears the name of information, ensures the supply current for items that transmit certain information to the person: the internet, cable television, video surveillance, telephony, all kinds of alarms, different videoprovoda.In such systems, the current voltage in the range of 12 to 24 volts.Such currents also, unlike power, called information.
What should be the low-voltage systems
main requirements for networks with weak current, are:
- High reliability - although currents and have a small force of security must not be forgotten in any case.The cables must be connected and held by all the rules of safety, insulated and inaccessible to many people.
- Correct work - when installing low-voltage systems should be checked for the presence of a variety of bugs and glitches.It is accounted for as part of the electric and automatic.
- scale - since such systems are installed in rooms with different quadrature, they must be easy to reach any corner of your home or office.To do this, you need to pre-calculate the yardage cable, consider where and how objects will be involved in providing information to the person.
- Low cost - these systems are available in installation and use.Through a properly sized junction, the number of network objects can save money that could leave the meter cable.
Types of information networks
As already mentioned, there are many things that serve us, which are powered by low-voltage systems.Wires are connected to the system, perform their functions to help users live comfortably and quietly.According to the purpose they are divided into:
- Domestic system.This connection objects that we use every day - TV, telephone, intercom, internet, radio, alarm.Today, all of these networks are more or less relevant for us.Using a cable, we are able to keep abreast of developments in their home country and abroad.Telephone wires provide the ability to communicate and connect to the Internet.Network video surveillance helps to reproduce picture and sound freely, which is very important for the control and surveillance of workers.This camera can be connected both small and large, powerful.Indispensable in private and a low-voltage systems, providing an alert when illegal entry into someone or fire - it is called the alarm.Here the wire is connected to the special sensors that trigger the chain to break or move.
- Commercial Systems.These include: telephony, Internet, different types of signaling, locally-computer networks, automatic metering of energy resources, communication devices, some structured cabling systems.Systems with weak current to ensure uninterrupted operation of commercial establishments.Maintenance of low-voltage systems in the offices carried out by experts working directly in this organization or in specialized firms.
What consist of?
systems designed for specific tasks differently staffed.
- Local-area networks combine the work of several objects and means for exchange of information.This can be coordinated simultaneous operation of a modem, printer, saved files, programs to protect information from hacking, network databases, and so on.
- Structured Cabling Systems (SCS) provides the ease and speed of all of the constituent elements.When a low-voltage systems design specialists see to it that the SCS holds a different kind of network: information, fire-protection, telephone, as well as the necessary equipment for them.
- In telephony, using low-voltage systems is provided by the automation of telephone exchanges.This creates a reliable connection between subscribers through cable networks and special programs.
- No one thought about the fact that the world time also provided low-current system of time.Here, it is composed of the basic elemental master clock and the secondary clock.For world time watch just one atomic clocks, which are ultra-precise.Through the GPS satellite signal at the exact time they transfer to the radio, closely related to the master clock.Through the radio, we know the time and already on the secondary clock to install it.
What are the advantages of low-voltage systems provide?
properly create the project low-voltage systems allows us to use the information without feeling any discomfort.On the contrary, the development of science as we make your life easier and access to information that can be hand movement had obtained.Networks allow us to smoothly watch satellite TV with the help of them, we have access to telephone, internet, radio.In addition, by using networks can control access to sites by installing gates and barriers, to feel secure by installing a system of fire and security alarm and video surveillance.Such systems make up for basic human needs, for security - is first of all confidence in the future and peace.
Compliance with the rules for cabling
Since cabling - is a serious matter and unsafe, then you need to carefully plan and calculate where they will be held.In addition to engineering and design work, it is necessary to take into account the basic rules of the gasket.The main and the main rule is to separate the low-voltage power cables from the information networks.In addition, to avoid localized electromagnetic interference.If we ignore these rules, the power wires will prevent continuous operation of objects, which provide low-current engineering systems.For proper cables are the main regulatory documents, where all the details are painted steps.
How to mount network?
Experts know that before Bookmarks network cables must be prepared her project.It is clearly necessary to designate the location of the low-current board, relays, sockets and other system components.Special attention is also paid to approved standards and rules of drawing and fixing cables.Work installer of low voltage systems requires in-depth knowledge required size of the cable, its species, nests wiring to the subjects, transmitting information to the network.
necessary to observe precisely the distance between the cables and low voltage power - at least 0.5 m, and they should be arranged in parallel.Cables need to use only whole, merging is not allowed.It so happens that it is impossible to have put the cables concealed wiring so the wires network must be remote from the telephone cable 15 mm (if the length of 10 m).We must always remember that the network wiring must be protected from various weather phenomena and damage.The distributor is also located in the right place, far away from doorways, windows and doors.All low-voltage cables to be ground with a special bus, which consists of copper conductors.
cable types when installing
information for each device uses different kinds of cables.To use the phone provided by a network of cables 3 categories.Uninterrupted operation of the computer networks is due to the use of optical fiber cables 5 and 6 category.It is also important brand wires.When selecting a specific cable is necessary to consider the scope of application, composition, characteristics, fire safety.
who can design and assemble low-voltage systems?
Of course, not everyone can be installed low-voltage systems.Moscow is replete with good specialists in the industry.Skilled workers efficiently and intelligently pave network, because it affects bond durability of the systems, the reliability of the signal, the safety of the equipment in use.
