Ojmjakon - an area known around the world as the cold pole (the lowest temperature of -71.2 degrees).In addition, it recorded the highest temperature fluctuations on earth - an average of 61 th with "minus" to the 39-minute mark with a "plus".This area is located between two mountain ranges - and Cherskogo Suntar-Hayata.In the valley between them in 1931, it was created Oymyakonsky District (District).The reason for its occurrence - the richest deposits of gold, tungsten, tin, arsenic, antimony, mercury and other rare minerals.
Place village
Toward the north, where the river flows into the Nera Indigirka, is Ust-Nera, urban village, which has become since 1954 Ulus district center and the largest settlement Ojmjakon.The founder of the village, as well as several other towns in the north-eastern Yakutia and bride-price was a Soviet geologist Valentin Constantinople (24 July 1902-1990).Shortly before the war, he arrived at the mouth of the Nera seaplane with geologists on board.August 6, 1937 is considered the founding date of the settlement of Ust-Nera.
founder of Ust-Nera
Valentin, first set foot on this land, it is revered in these parts - it was named after the street.The expedition fruitfully worked until 1941 - were discovered many deposits of gold, and in 1942 opened the first mines.In addition, this year were carried out exploration work on the future of a tungsten mining company "Alyaskitovyi", which during the war zaklyuchennymi- "Vlasov" was an attempt on Vladimir Tsaregradskiy when he inspected the underground workings.The famous geologist miraculously survived.
Builders mines and settlements
course, everywhere in Yakutia were camp prisoners.Their hands were laid roads, including Magadan tract created mines (gold mined, they too) and housing facilities were built.The village of Ust-Nera his first school (1945-1946 years) is required builders prisoners.In those days, the whole town was surrounded by barbed wire, because many objects they worked.According to the documents of "Memorial", from 1949 to 1957 in this village was Indigirlag.
years of successful development
In 1938, was created "Dalstroy" - Trust management of road and industrial construction in the bride-price.In the village of Ust-Nera in 1944 it housed Indigirskogo GPU related to "Dalstroy" (abolished in 1957).Himself town was surrounded by impassable swamps.In 1945, here it comes into operation power complex, and in 1946 the Ust-Nera gets its industrial electricity, and immediately begins telephones in the village.
In 1950, this town, located in the northeast of Yakutia, received the title of a small town.But not only the harsh climate makes it difficult place to live.Indigirka, which is the coldest planet river, during flood carries many dangers.Were terrible floods of 1951, 1959 and 1967 years - the water rose to the second floor of the old school (the new was built in 1974), it flooded food warehouses.After the flood in 1959 the shore of the river began to strengthen wayward.The population of the village of Ust-Nera grew steadily and in 1989 reached 12 500 people.Locals and watch TV became the first (1971) in Yakutia.In 1978, through the Indigirka it was built concrete bridge.
Hard times for the industry
Severe perestroika years and affected in this promising area.The mines were closed, the population began to fall steadily, and in 2010, lived here 8,4 thousand people.Now the social policy of the federal government, including in respect of Yakutia, is the most important area of the state.Special programs are being developed to facilitate the cessation of the outflow of the population.It does a lot to make the advanced industrial areas attractive to new settlers.
realities of the present day
not overlooked and the village of Ust-Nera.Yakutia (Sakha Republic) places great emphasis on youth policy.Now the village operates a gold mining and processing plant.This city-forming enterprise.In addition, there is an airport, a modern health center and a hospital, a sports complex with a swimming pool and stadium.Actually, everything that characterizes modern regional center, is in the village of Ust-Nera.Reviews of him, of course, very different.Pessimists say that the village is dying.Optimists list beautiful buildings SE "Sakhatelecom" and DC "Metallurg", new construction of the MC "Pegasus" and the theater "North".There are banks, hotels, city museum, modern shopping malls, markets and kindergartens.
