relief of the ocean floor many researchers are interested in taking into account the fact that this aspect is still not fully understood.In any case, there are mysteries and unexplained in terms of science phenomena, which conceals the Pacific Ocean.Bottom topography of this part of the world's oceans are very interested scientists around the world, so with enviable frequency arranged study a similar theme.That scientific expeditions studying the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, the results obtained, which at one time completely changed the human understanding not only of the bottom, but also on the geological structure of the Earth in general.
ocean platforms
features bottom topography of the Pacific surprised many researchers.But if you talk in order, you should start with the notion of "oceanic platform."They represent certain parts of the cortex, which have long lost their mobility, and the ability to deformation.Scientists also differ, and those portions of the ocean floor, which are still quite active and now - geosyncline.These active regions of the cortex are widespread in the Pacific, namely in its western part.
«Ring of Fire»
What is the so-called "ring of fire"?In fact, the Pacific Ocean is in the very center, and that is what it is significantly different from its neighbors.For your information, on land currently registered about 600 volcanoes, but 418 of them are located on the shores of the Pacific Ocean.
There are volcanoes, which do not cease their violent activity even in our time.This concerns first of all the famous Mount Fuji, and Klyuchevskoy volcano.There are volcanoes, which are sufficiently long period retain the apparent calm, but at one point can dramatically turn into fire-breathing monsters.For example, it speaks of such a volcano as Bandai-san in Japan.As a result of his awakening affected several villages.
Scientists have even registered a volcano in the Pacific Ocean.
awakened volcano «Ring of Fire»
Besides the famous and well-known around the world awakened volcano Bandai-san, it has been reported many more such cases.For example, Unnamed Volcano, located in one area of Kamchatka, in 1950 announced himself to the world.When he awoke from centuries of sleep, seismologists could register about 150-200 earthquakes each day.
Its eruption came as a shock to many researchers, some of them in the future could safely say that it was one of the most violent volcanic paroxysms last century.The only thing that pleases, is the lack of an eruption in the area of human settlements and people.
Here's another "monster" - Ruiz volcano in Colombia.His awakening killed more than 20 thousand people.
Hawaii
In fact, what we see is only the tip of the iceberg that hides the Pacific Ocean.Terrain features it consists mainly in the fact that centrally extends sufficiently long chain volcanoes.And that is the Hawaiian Islands are the pinnacle of the underwater Hawaiian Ridge, which is considered the largest volcanic accumulation length of over 2,000 kilometers.
Hawaiian Ridge stretches right up to the Midway and Kure, which are located in the north-west.
themselves Hawaii consist of five active volcanoes Having closed the height of some of them may exceed four kilometers.This concerns first of all the volcanoes Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa.The most interesting thing is that if you measured the height of the volcano Mauna Loa with the sole, which is on the bottom of the ocean, it turns out that its height is more than ten kilometers.
Depression Pacific
most entertaining ocean and hiding many secrets - this is the Pacific Ocean.The bottom relief surprised by its diversity and is a breeding ground for thinking minds of many scientists.
Mostly it concerns the basin of the Pacific Ocean, which has a depth of 4300 meters, with similar education are the most notable element of scientific research.The most well-known all over the world - Challenger, Galatea, Emden, Cape Johnson, Planet, Snell, Tuscarora, Rama.For example, the Challenger has a depth of 33 to 11 thousand meters behind him already underway Galatea with its depth of 10 thousand 539 meters.Emden depth is 10 thousand 399 meters, while Cape Johnson has a depth of 497 to 10 000 meters.The most "shallow" is considered depression Tuscarora with its maximum depth along the entire length of 8 thousand 513 meters.
Seamounts
If you are ever asked to "Describe the relief of the bottom of the Pacific Ocean" - you can immediately start talking about seamounts, because it is something that immediately interested in your interlocutor.At the bottom of this great ocean there are many of seamounts, which are called "guyots."They are characterized by their flat tops, and thus can be at a depth of about 1.5 km, and that may be significantly deeper.
basic learning theory states that seamounts were formerly active volcanoes that were raised above sea level.Later they were washed out and were under water.Incidentally, the latter fact guards researchers, because it can also indicate that earlier this part of the cortex has experienced a kind of "subsidence".
Lodge Pacific
Earlier this direction has been a lot of research, we sent a lot of scientific expeditions in order to better see the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.Photos show that predominantly this amazing ocean bed is composed of red clay.To a lesser extent it can be found at the bottom of the blue mud or crushed coral fragments.
noteworthy that large areas of the Pacific Ocean floor is often covered even diatom, globigerina, radiolarian and pteropod silt.An interesting fact is also such that in a variety of sediments can often find shark teeth or manganese nodules.
General information on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean
The formation of the bottom of the Pacific Ocean affect factors such as exogenous and endogenous.Recent internal and tectonic are - they are manifested in the form of a variety of underwater earthquakes, slow crustal movements and volcanic eruptions.That is what is interesting and the Pacific Ocean.Bottom topography is constantly changing due to the large number of volcanoes on its coast and in deep water.Exogenous factors include various currents, rough sea, as well as turbidity currents.These flows are characterized by the fact that saturated solid, insoluble in water particles, which then move with great speed and the slope.Also significantly changes the bottom relief and livelihoods of marine organisms.
Many scientists strongly interested in the Pacific Ocean.The bottom relief divided into several forms.Namely: the continental margin, transition zone, ocean floor, as well as mid-ocean ridges.Of the 73 million square feet.km 10% of the continental margin falls on the Pacific Ocean.
The continental slope is the bottom part of which has a slope of 3 or 6 degrees the same, and it is located at the outer edge of the continental margin of the shelf.It is noteworthy that the shores of the volcanic or coral islands, which are rich in the Pacific Ocean, the slope can reach 40 or 50 degrees also.
transition zone is characterized by the presence of secondary forms, which will be located in a strict order.Namely - the first marginal sea basin adjacent to the foot of the mainland, and from the ocean, it will be limited by steep mountain ranges.This is quite typical for Japan, East China, Mariana, Aleutian transition zones, which are located in the western Pacific Ocean.
