with the word "mobilization" a couple of months ago was associated definition of "gather strength for the solution of some problems of life."Today, during the fighting in the eastern regions of Ukraine, the word is increasingly seen as "conscription".What is the partial mobilization declared in Ukraine?This again will have to remember how to hold a weapon and live in the barracks?They will urge eighteen boys and send them to the place of warfare?Try to understand.
concept of mobilization of the armed forces of the state
mobilization of troops, announced in March 2014 by the interim government of Ukraine, alarmed not just wives and mothers.The idea of this we have formed from the films about the Second World War, in which all mobilized were sent to the front.It does not matter, you are able to bear arms or not.
What is mobilization in modern conditions?First of all it is - The conversion of the entire economy mode meet the needs of the MIC (military industrial complex).That is, there is a redistribution of the state budget in favor of spending on the military.Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine voted for change in the structure of the state budget of Ukraine and allocated nearly seven billion hryvnia to the initial needs of the military.Part of these funds should be used for the organization of training mobilized.
In addition, a number of industries began to produce needed during military operations products.And most importantly, citizens are liable for military service "under the gun".
Possible
Act mobilization distinguishes between two concepts: partial and full mobilization of the population.Gross suggests widespread reorientation of all industries in the production of goods and services required during the conduct of active hostilities.In addition, in such a situation in the armed forces of the country calls on all military service men and women, without any exception.Those people who are not liable for military service are called upon as needed.But the civilian population will eventually work on the military-industrial complex.
What is a partial mobilization?This is a temporary filling of vacancies in the armed forces recruits from civilian, but military service men.In addition, this allocation of additional funds from the state budget for the maintenance of the newly arrived troops and primary military.
Features call
partial mobilization is declared president of the state (in the case of Ukraine in 2014, when the country was not the incumbent president, signed a decree on the mobilization of acting).It is expected that this process takes place in four stages.
Who is eligible for the mobilization in the first stage?In the beginning, it was about replenishing the staff of the Ukrainian army volunteer, contact the military.When the military units after the arrival of fresh forces still remained understaffed, they compiled lists of military conscription for military service who have received military training, t. E. Of recruits in previous years.
course, encouraged not to everyone.The emphasis is on military specialization of potential recruits.The fact that such a partial mobilization, can be judged by the practice of its implementation in Ukraine.Beginning in mid-March 2014, the ranks of the Ukrainian army for 45 days soldiers recruited such specialties: missile crews, signalmen and infantry.Basically selected candidates former military and those who are serving in the 90s.
subsequent steps
mobilization of troops in Ukraine may go to the second stage.In May 2014 the place to be on prescription fees have received officers and NCOs of all arms under the age of forty-five, forty years of the rank and file and senior officers do not have stepped age of sixty.
During the third stage involves the completion of the mobilization of the army units recruits and military servicemen women.This military doctors and technicians of different profiles.
In the final stage (in the case of prolonged warfare across the country) for the replenishment of the armed forces are called upon without exception, the people of the state, capable of bearing arms, or be useful in the rear and at the front.
Age recruits
mobilization of troops in Ukraine, announced in March 2014, involves an appeal of volunteers and conscripts who are under the age of 40-45.Forty-year milestone is set for the rank and file of the armed forces, and forty-five - for officers and sergeants reserve popular specialties.
state leadership separately emphasized age mobilized the first wave - thirty - forty years.Eighteen recruits not only will not call on, but in the case of voluntary recruitment will not be sent to the most dangerous places.Nevertheless, the decree of Acting President of Ukraine in May 2014 renewed the compulsory recruitment of young men into the army.
How to explain to the authorities the reason for his long absence
In this situation, the leaders of all levels of all forms of ownership should understand that such a partial mobilization.According to Ukrainian law, for the mobilized into the armed forces is certainly secured his workplace (position) with preservation of his wages.Neither fire nor even temporarily take his place a new employee entity can not.In practice, however, these provisions of the law are observed only in public institutions.Businesses can not afford to pay for such a prolonged absence of the employee.Therefore, in most cases the place of mobilized adopted a new man.Thus, after the announcement of the demobilization of many men may be left without work and without a livelihood.Looking back at the age of mobilization, we can safely say that the family intended to make up for the army will be under severe conditions.
Who is exempt from conscription?
Of course, there is a list of persons not subject to mobilization:
- Men who are raising more than five children.
- Women who are raising children under the age of sixteen.
- Individuals of both sexes, who care for the sick and infirm, and with no one to transfer custody.
- liable for military service, whose state of health declared unfit for military service for a period of six months.
- military servicemen trapped in your state structures.
- People's Deputies of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.
representative of any of these categories, willingly volunteered to join the ranks of the armed forces can be enlisted in the military unit.
Fines and penalties
After clarification that such a partial mobilization, it should be noted that failure to comply with the requirements of the military offices there is a system of penalties.We will understand more violations and penalties.Technically, we can say only one crime: evasion of mobilization.All other violations related to the reluctance to serve in the military forces of the state, are derived evasion.The Criminal Code spelled out the responsibility for evasion of mobilization (Article 336): imprisonment from two to five years.Other offenses are punishable by fines and administrative responsibility.For failure to appear on the agenda of the mobilization fee is 85-119 hryvnia;for vandalism (loss, disappearance) military identification card or registration certificate - UAH 17-51;for other violations of the law on mobilization - 17-51 hryvnia.
Can I leave
mobilization in Russia, as well as in Ukraine, it implies that all citizens of the state military service will not relocate or evade conscription.However, it is only those who have already received a summons;the rest, as they say, are clean before the law and are free to move around as they please.
All selected candidates must appear in the prescribed time to the place of assembly, which is also stated in the agenda, sent by mail or personal delivery.It should be noted that the requirement to report to the gathering place every mobilize sent in writing.About any telephone or other verbal notifications are not talking.It is illegal.
where to send mobilized
Of course, as soon as we hear the word "mobilization" immediately introduces advanced front and virtually untrained "newbies".There is no such.After the distribution, according to military specialties, all recruits get into training camp.
Most often equip them on the basis of military units.It is expected that over time have lost fees will resume skills with weapons and there will be introduction of technical innovations.After the training camp of the mobilized really it gets the most "hot" point.Initially, it is assumed that inexperienced in warfare, "the former civil" will be used only for auxiliary work, but what is the situation really is unclear.
rights or obligations
We distinguish between the concept of rights and responsibilities in all areas: residential, professional, sociological, political and so on.The military aspect of our life - is no exception.Mobilization in Russia, just as in all other states, where there is appropriate legal framework and prerequisites for the development of relations with neighboring states, which determine the possibility of entering the war, provides for the right of citizens freely to fill the armed forces.At the same time come to a place of gathering and to be mobilized - a constitutional duty of the citizens.As noted above, a violation of law punishable by not only the administrative responsibility, but in some cases, criminal.
Initially, the mobilization is declared for 45 days.At the end of this period, the president signed a decree on demobilization, or, conversely, to extend it for another 45 days.In fact, nowhere stated number of renewals, so we can safely say that mobilization can be of unlimited duration.In any case, it stops after the President signed the decree on demobilization.
According to experts, in the mid-90s, the armed forces of Ukraine has reached 700 thousand people.Considering the age limits and demographic processes in the country, it is assumed that due to the mobilization of the army can be recharged about 400 thousand people.
When partial mobilization may be declared conscription only in certain regions of the country.However, the decree of May 6, 2014 the Acting President of Ukraine, it covered the whole country, all 24 regions.Therefore, it remains only to monitor developments.
