Social personality type.

Soul Consciousness ... ... Personality ... What only the highest minds puzzled over these concepts.The world-renowned psychoanalyst Freud first introduced the structural representation of the personality as a dynamic formation.

study of personality

One of the main directions in sociology - to investigate the identity as a social type.This is due to the fact that this definition makes it possible to understand how society functions, taking into account the interests and needs of each individual, also it is possible to judge about the development environment.

In examining the concept of "personality", scientists settled on the use of the six approaches:

1. dialectical materialist: initially man is a social being, the development of which depends on the biology, education, social environment and skills of self-education.
2. Anthropology: personality is the bearer of universal properties.
3. Normative: personality - a social being who has consciousness and the ability to work.
4. Sociological man - a person who embodies and implements a socially important traits and qualities.
5. personalistic: the primary means of formation of personality is "I - perception."Personality - a set of mental reactions to human opinion about it around you.
6. Biology and Genetics: bioprogramma person determines his behavior.

Thus, the concept of "person" is multifaceted.It characterizes the human being as subject and object biosocial relations and as a unifying principle in its individual, social and universal features.Those traits that are most often manifested a member of society, and form a type of personality.

device identity

This definition includes three levels: biological, psychological and social.The first consists of the natural qualities of man: it is the body structure and temperament, and sexual features.The second combines the psychological characteristics associated with heredity (will, memory, feeling, thinking).

third level has sublevels, described as follows:

1. Opinion: the interests of the individual, his motives, experiences, goals and so on.Sub-layer is in close contact with the public consciousness.Specifically
2. -cultural.This includes all the values ​​and norms of human behavior.
3. morality.It is part of the moral personality.

structure of personality.The social personality types

Of course, the above system level rather rough and abstract, but nonetheless is the basis for further study.Psychologist SL Rubinstein used to study human responses to three questions: "What does that attracts and to aspire to?" The answer opens the door to the secret contents of the personality of the individual.

KK Platonov identified four personality substructures:

1. direction which includes beliefs, outlook, desires, inclinations and interests.At this level, it is manifested moral qualities, as well as a variety of human relationships.
2. experience manifests itself in skills, knowledge, skills.There is the development of personality through the accumulated historical experience.
3. Personality characteristics of mental processes and functions.
4. Biological characteristics (age, sex, type of nervous system, and so on).

Leontiev defines personality as a special quality only social origin.On the structure of a well-known psychologist he says that it is "stable configuration of the main, motivation within yourself, hierarchic lines."

Thus, in the heart of the functioning of the individual is the core of motivational structures.The next level is a way to implement the motives (personality traits, social roles, and so on).Features of human relations with the world around them and concluded in the third subframe.Contact all the characteristics of a person, constantly manifested at the impact of the environment is a social type of personality.

studies determine the type of individual

The concept of "personality as a social type" attracted many researchers.For example, Aristotle grouped traits and thus divides people on the "virtues" and "perverse".CG .Yung described the person facing a ("Yin"), and focused on the outside world ("Yang").In psychology, they became known as the introverts and extroverts.Also, they were identified types of people - sensing, logic, emotive and intuity.The basis of the first type - the feeling of second - thinking, the third - the emotions, the fourth - intuition.D. Moreno and T. Parsons created the role of personality theory.It states that every individual in the social system takes its specific place (status).Each membership includes a number of roles of the man.

Typology individual

Through a system of education and training to meet the requirements of society begins to form social type of personality.Sociologists believe that the personality - is what connects the mental processes and behavior gives stability and consistency.An important role in the structuring of the type played the following theory: the psychobiological (D Sheldon) biosocial (G. Allport, Carl Rogers), psihostaticheskaya (J. Eysenck, R. Cattell), psychosocial (Karen Horney, K. Adler).

there are different typologies.For example, Weber based his system laid the degree of rationality of action.Erich Fromm, defining social personality type, divides it into receptive, accumulative, exploitative, market.

Today sociology decided to allocate the following individual:

1. traditionalists.The core values ​​of such a person is a duty, order, discipline.It is not the desire for self-realization.
2. idealist.Type refers to the denial of traditions, independent, does not recognize the authority.Often it engaged in self-development.
3. frustrated.The person has low self-esteem, often complain of health and depression.
4. realist.People belonging to this type are responsible, in control of their emotions are engaged in self-realization.
5. Hedonist.Most often, such a person seeks the pleasure, to achieve their desires.

also highlights the socio-psychological personality types:

1. «leaders».For members of this type main task is to change other people and himself.They are active, self-sufficient, responsible.
2. «Thinkers."As an example of this kind can result in the image of a wise man, which is designed to reflect and observe.
3. «emotional."This includes individuals who rely on feelings, emotions, intuition.This bright, creative personality, the ability to appreciate the beauty.
4. «Humanists."This type has a highly developed empathy.He feels perfectly the state of mind of man.

Of course, the most frequent type of mixed social personality.We can say that in every man lives the wise man, activist and humanist.

How to determine personality type.Test

There are many techniques for the study of his personality.The most common are:

1. Test Leonhard.The survey is 88 questions that should be answered "yes" or "no."The result will be the accentuation of character, that is to identify the most characteristic feature for a given individual.
2. Test Holland.Here are 42 pairs of jobs from which to choose more preferred.The result - the definition of its type.
3. typological questionnaire Keyrsi.It consists of 70 questions with suggested answers.Choose one statement is necessary.As a result - the definition of the profile of the individual.