Ecology of Moscow - is the subject of constant discussion huge number of committees, organizations and associations.However, already for many years, progress in solving this problem is not observed.Newcomers complain of fatigue and lack of oxygen.And the locals, though, it would seem, in general, and accustomed to this environment, every summer strive at the first opportunity to leave the capital and take the children out of the city, going to the sea, the mountains, renting cottages in the province.
Ecology of Moscow.General description of the situation
environmental situation of the Russian capital is very closely linked with the existence of several factors, among which the most important are the local background, the natural conditions of the region and general climatic situation of the area.In addition, considerable importance is the specific and the dominance of western winds rumba, which occur throughout the year.
According to the cleanest metropolitan environmentalists considered the northwestern and western regions, asair them further purified located in the west of Moscow region forests.Due to the hilly nature of the terrain and heavy soils contaminated hence largely washed away on the south-east, without stopping or in the soil or in the surrounding waters.
eastern and central regions of the city getting enough air pollution of local infrastructure.
But the ecology of the city in the eastern and south-eastern part depends on the wind, asthis area is planted with just one-third, and the region is much plowed and is more industrialized than the rest.
Ecology of Moscow.The main problems
If we consider all the evidence as a whole, we can conclude that the ecological state capital today is very complex.At the same time, in spite of everything, the city continues to grow and develop, gradually passing over the ring road and merging with the satellite towns.
- hard to imagine that an average of one Muscovite accounts for up to 50 kg.various kinds of harmful substances.
- At the moment, officially registered according to the population density is already about 9 thousand. Persons per 1 sq.km.
- modern purification system installed only on 60% of the enterprises, which means that every day in the environment gets a tremendous amount of harmful substances.
- huge damage to apply and transport, asmost cars is absolutely not conform to the requirements and standards in relation to emissions.This type of pollution is now at the first place.
Who monitors what is happening?At the direction of the local administration is now in the city environmental monitoring is carried out 39 specialized automatic stations, each of which is equipped with modern technological innovations.They are involved in the control of the capital's air pollution levels on the subject contained about 20 pollutants.
Ecology of Moscow and health
As expected, the incidence of Muscovites, compared with other regions of the state, on average, higher.
most common diseases include asthma, respiratory diseases, liver, gall bladder, different types of allergies are common and cardiovascular disease.
In accordance with recent statistical data, of the 94 largest cities of our planet Moscow (based on all indicators) was on the 62 th place on the natural population growth - 71 m, and the level of mortality - 70 m.The survival rate of babies born here 2-3 times lower than in some other world capitals.
Active Air pollution not only leads to a permanent increase in asthmatic and allergic diseases in children, but also to the increased mortality of older people, especially during the annual summer smog.
Ecological Problems in Moscow demanding an immediate solution.Currently, among the major enemies of health, I would call the following:
- lack of necessary for the full breath of oxygen;
- because of the huge traffic congestion is observed not only increased concentration of carbon monoxide, and toxic substances - all a result of automobile exhausts;
- molten asphalt in the summer;
- in winter the situation is not simplified becausefrom year to year increasingly used various kinds of chemicals intended to accelerate the melting of snow.
Many Muscovites are constantly exposed to hypoxia, which is exacerbated by persistent toxic poisoning.Consequently, with catastrophic speed destroyed the immune system, increasing the number of asthmatics, and in the cold time of year educational institution increasingly have to close due to colds, particularly influenza.
