Dictionary of the Russian language is rich and diverse.But the common lexicon, of course, considered the most important part of it.It is the nucleus without which it is impossible to imagine a language and conversation includes commonly used words for concepts that are used throughout.They can be heard on the street, at work, at school, at the store, in other words, anywhere.People lexicon - is the foundation of national literary vocabulary, very important stuff to talk in their native language.This foundation, which helps to continue to enrich and improve vocabulary.Do not underestimate its importance.Almost all units of the people's vocabulary used actively and continuously, they can be found in each speech style.
common and stylistically neutral words
The Russian language has many words known and accessible to everyone, which can be used in conversation and in writing.As an example, the following lexical unit: "river", "soil", "grove", "roll", "walk", "eat", "winter", "catchy", "work", "read", "newspaper "," woman "," offer "," face "and so on. d. There is also a neutral word that can be found in the scientific work, and in ordinary conversation;they can be seen in the official paper, and in a letter to a friend.Such lexical units in Russian very much.Common words, examples of which you are now known, are spread throughout the country.They are also used in some other countries, where people speak in Russian.
Emotionally expressive vocabulary
addition stylistically neutral lexical units to meet these common words that can be pronounced by everyone, but only sometimes.To this should be an opportunity to introduce themselves.For example, the word "bit of land", "sad sack", "a newspaper", "beard", "small square" - that differ from stylistically neutral lexical items that they can be called emotional or expressive.It is very much felt in their pronunciation.Emotive is transmitted by means of various suffixes that may be pejorative, magnifying or diminutive, and expressiveness achieved extraordinary fine words used in speech.Uttering these lexical units, the man shows his good or bad relationship with the event or subject.And it is no wonder that such words are very rarely used in scientific papers and business papers.Emotionally expressive lexical units are not used in all styles of speech.As a rule, they are widely used in ordinary conversations, as they can be read in the print media.You can not imagine how people would talk, if not ubiquitous common words.The terms - is quite another, they belong to the professional vocabulary.Do not confuse them with common words.This is a gross mistake.
Dialectal and professional words that have become commonly used
However, the foregoing does not mean that common words are closed vocabulary, which has no effect.You should not think so.On the contrary, in this vocabulary terms can be added (a special dialect), the use of which was previously curtailed.For example, the word "promiscuous", "tyrant", "boring", "burning", "loser", "frequenter" - at the beginning of XIX century were not as common as it is now: the range of their use is limited to dialect or a special sphere.And now these lexical units are commonly used.Interesting, is not it?Common words in the Russian language is of great interest to many researchers.Moreover, they are often eager to learn foreigners assembled in Russia.
Forgotten commonly used lexical units
also some common lexical items may eventually disappear from everyday speech, narrow the scope of its application.For example, the word "disdain" (dawn) and "goiter" (eat) so far used only a few Russian dialects.Many of them do not remember.It happens that the lexical unit ceases to be common and becoming a professional jargon.Most people gradually forget this word, which is a bit sad.Common words - a lexical units, which can be completely erased from people's memory.Unfortunately it's true.
have nation-wide vocabulary is the opposite - the words of limited use.They can be heard in the midst of people to any particular profession or living in the same territory.
dialect
also necessary to consider the words are dialectal.They are used in his speech, people living in a specific geographic area.Dialectal lexical items often used in ordinary conversations.And this is understandable.It refers mainly to the dialect spoken language of people living in the villages.Side of the man he would not understand.However, the villagers, of course, known and commonly used words.It would be foolish to think that they can use in their speech and their.
The dialect different from common words
What is the difference between a dialect and common words?The first are more narrow field of use, in addition, they are characterized by some semantic and lexical, grammatical and phonetic peculiarities.Given their characteristics, there are several kinds of dialect.Which ones?
Types dialect
- Phonetic dialect - a specific lexical units.What can we say about them?They contain phonetic features of a saying: "tipyatok" "Vanya", "barrels" (in the vernacular vocabulary is "boiling", "Vanya", "barrel") - belong to the southern Russian;"kuricha", "tselovek", "tsyasy", "Niemcza" (in other words, "chicken", "man", "clock", "the Germans") - a word, pronouncing rather unusual characteristic for a number of north-western dialects.Third-party people to their sound may seem a bit strange.They are closer, of course, common words.
- Grammar dialect - is a kind of lexical units.What is known about them?They have grammatical properties that are not typical of the literary language, and they do not like the words found their morphological structure.You can hear them often.
- Lexical dialect - words which do not look like any commonly used value or form.For example, the Indus - even Kochetov - cock Gutara - talk, the other day - recently, and others.
Special and professional word
lexical units, which usually can be heard while in the company of people a certain kind of activity are specialand professional words.They are used in some areas of technology and science.These two terms must be distinguished in order to understand what the word is officially accepted and constantly spoken (special), and some expressive reinterpreted, rethought since it was commonly understood vocabulary borrowed from the (professional).The last common in the vocabulary of many people's labor.Thus commonly used words are sometimes born of professionalism.
special vocabulary, as a rule, is completely "covers" certain special sphere of art or science: all the important ideas and concepts are designated strictly defined terms.Professionalism bit different from them.They are not often presented as a system, as taken from the oral communications of people belonging to any profession.Professionalism can be called pretty emotional and colorful words.They sound very expressive.Each person needs to know what the common words, dialect words and professional.
