problem of air pollution - one of the most pressing and intractable problems of our time.Humanity is trying to find a way - invented environmentally friendly fuels, developing new ways of waste management are friendly materials for manufacturing and construction.
The main sources causing air pollution, it is - man-made and natural.The natural source - is what happens in nature more or less regularity.From this it can not escape - we are unlikely to ever be able to prevent the eruption of a volcano, to guarantee the protection from forest fires or dust storms.The process of decomposition of animal or plant also contributes to gradual pollution.
anthropogenic impact on the atmosphere comes from man.You can highlight and propagate rapidly developing industry, fuel and energy complex, machine building and, of course, transport.
A lot goes into the atmosphere gases that harm it, but do not forget about the solid particles - dust, soot, smoke.In areas where industries are concentrated, permanent components of the air have become dangerous heavy metals such as nickel, copper, cadmium, mercury, lead, vanadium and chromium.The problem of getting into the air large amounts of lead is particularly dangerous.
Generally, in the 20th century it has changed considerably in ozone and carbon dioxide.Daily fossil fuel increases carbon dioxide concentration in the air.This is compounded by narrowing the area of tropical forests, which convert the gas composition of the atmosphere.
The effects of air pollution are multilateral.Dirty air is detrimental to the quality of natural ecosystems.How polluted the atmosphere in a particular region can be judged by the state of the planet's green cover - forests.
Biocenosis forests are suffering from the effects of acid rain.These rains are caused by nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide.Scientists have found that conifers are more susceptible to the negative effects of acid rain, rather than broad.Needless to say, that the most affected crops in large industrial centers.
Equally important is the problem of depletion and thinning of the ozone layer, the formation of ozone holes.It is caused by excessive use of CFCs in the home and workplace.
addition Freon air pollution and cause such gases, which never before in its composition were not present.Yes, the volumes of these gases is incomparably less than the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but still they can be much more dangerous.
In the 20th century, air pollution occurs by means of radioactive elements.The source of this pollution - a test explosions during the test of a new weapon - the hydrogen and atomic bombs.In addition, the production of nuclear weapons, nuclear power plants and nuclear reactors.Even minor damage and accidents at nuclear reactors lead to air pollution and global catastrophe such as the Chernobyl accident, sharply and significantly worsen the condition of the atmosphere.
natural processes occurring in the biosphere, are subject to the negative impact of the effects of human activities more and more.Fortunately, at this stage of the biosphere still retains the ability to self-regulation, it is able to neutralize or at least minimize the damage caused by mankind.However, there is a limit beyond which - the inability to maintain the necessary balance of the biosphere.When this happens, the case of an environmental disaster that people have encountered in some regions of the world.
