Tommaso Campanella - an Italian poet, philosopher and politician who spent almost half his life in prison for rebellion and freedom of thought.He was a highly educated and all the time allotted to him, has created many works on philosophy, astronomy, politics and medicine.In addition, he was the author of numerous madrigals, sonnets, and other poetic works.It was like a volcano awakened, who lived in constant search and waiting for reforms.Confident in their mission Campanella constantly wrote and rewrote his works, bringing them to perfection, and some of them have come down to our time as samples of his political philosophy.
Tommaso Campanella was born in 1568 into a family of a poor shoemaker in the south of Italy.His first education he received from the Dominican Friars, and in 15 years he decides to enter the Dominican Order, to continue their education.Of particular interest are the young Tommaso philosophical treatises of Plato, Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas, he also studied astrology and Kabbalah.Great influence on his future works of free-thinking outlook had Teleziya thinker - he saw in the study of the nature of the source of knowledge.And in 1591 he wrote his first treatise "philosophy proven sensations", which opposed the Aristotelian principles and demand the right to freedom of thought.
Inquisition did not like it, and Tommaso Campanella was arrested for heresy.After his release, he has not returned to the monastery.The desire for a new, dreams of political and religious reforms forced him to go on a long journey to Italy, where he now and then accused of freethinking and imprisoned.In 1598, he returned to his native place and together with his friends began to prepare an uprising to establish a republic in the country, which would be social justice prevailed.But the plot failed (betrayed partners) and the Italian philosopher was sentenced to life imprisonment.
Thus, Campanella was in prison 27 years, during which time he wrote his major works: "The protection of Galileo," "Defeated atheism", "Metaphysics", "Theology" and many other poems.Among them stands out the work of "City of the Sun", which has maintained its appeal to this day.Italian writer portrayed in his work a fictitious state (ideal society), in which the residents have decided wisely (philosophically) to manage the entire community.This utopian idea reflected the author's dream of creating a Catholic world state under the control of the pope.
In 1629 Tommaso Campanella was justified and moved to Rome.Pope Urban VIII, who was fond of astrology, wanted such a great connoisseur of this science was always at hand.And Campanella, in turn, tried to share their ideas with the pope.Later, in 1634 he was again accused of conspiracy, and he fled from persecution, he found refuge in a friendly France, where he was honored and glorified all the pundits.Italian philosopher used and the location of the king, who even gave him a cash payment.And in 1639 he died.
