matter as a philosophical category interested thinkers ever times when Plato introduced the concept in the theoretical vocabulary.The author of the term opposes his "idea", emphasizing the static, unchanging in contrast to recent volatility and variability - as mothers.These properties were formed later in the form of existence of matter, ie, time, space and movement.
matter as a philosophical category - one of the basic notions of any concept.There are several basic approaches to the determination of its content: the materialistic, idealistic and positivistic.
materialistic approach - a number of concepts, which are based on the solution of the basic philosophical question of what comes first, matter or consciousness in favor of the first.According to the materialists, and the existence of matter - the concept is close to the identity, and is a matter of cash, the reality of life.All around - only the form, the state of matter.This includes ideas, people, any means of social organization.According to the materialist conception, matter is objective and independent of human consciousness.
materialistic approach is widespread in the modern world was the basis of the Marxist concept of fundamental theoretical and began installing natural scientific theories, as one of the fundamental tenets of this approach is the principle of the knowability of the world through the study of the properties, relationships and forms of matter.
idealistic theories proclaim the primacy of the spirit.However, the position of the supporters of this approach are not identical.Differences formed two theoretical trends: objective and subjective idealism.
objective idealist position - the recognition of the primacy of the ideal and the absolute spirit.Matter as a philosophical category, according to an objective-idealistic approach, is a by-product, a product of the absolute spirit.
good representative of this approach is the GVFHegel.In his "Phenomenology of Spirit" covers the process of climbing to the idea of absolute knowledge: the idea of the highest form of existence - the absolute spirit, that idea becomes, reaching perfection in knowledge itself.
subjective idealism - specific idea of the relationship between the categories of "matter" and "consciousness."According to this approach, there is an objective matter, it is only a figment of the imagination of the human mind.
positivists share the position of the supporters of the subjective-idealistic approach of the denial of the existence of matter.However, the main argument of this statement is agnostic setting: the objective reality of matter can not be proved by experience and research, therefore, we can not say that it exists.
matter as a philosophical category has been and remains the subject of debate raging theorists for centuries.Today, in an era of technological progress, human nature practicality, setting the increase in the volume of consumption of goods and improve the quality of services rendered.Progress is impossible, if we exclude the possibility of knowing the world.So materialistic approach determines value, and cultured society values form the philosophical setting of the majority.
