After the February Revolution of 1917 brought to power a provisional government, which lasted from early March to late October.At first, the new authority enjoyed a very high level of trust and authority among the population and the political parties (except the Bolshevik).But most important, the agricultural issue interim government has not decided, because of which lost support and was overthrown quite easily.
Land inheritance
To solve the problem with the land when the government was established main land committee, most of whose works lined up on the party programs of the Cadets.The Committee declared the reform, which was intended to transfer land to the peasants in agricultural use.By default, it was assumed that the terms of the transfer may be a confiscation or expropriation.The latter caused a major controversy: dispose with or without a ransom.With obvious differences, though officials have not officially discussed the issue.
So why interim government delayed the solution of the agrarian question?The reasons should be sought in the first place as part of the government itself.Very many members of the Cadet Party, who were members of the main body of the powerful themselves had large land holdings, which were not ready to leave.
main provisions of the reform
It was decided to prevent the fragmentation of holdings, providing basic goods, productive farms and plots of those landowners who gave large harvests and had high performance.As a result, large-scale enterprises was supposed to leave for their owners.
In general, the reform indication to the possibility of alienation of land, but the peasants had to pay for this very heavy ransom.In addition, the ground might get mostly the one who has had his own private farm.Large plots at the same time remained their owners if they provide land use was twice the average for private farming.
Why interim government delayed the solution of the agrarian question?
explanation lies in the fear of the authorities to shake the foundations of private property.Therefore, to take serious measures that would in any way violate the rights of landowners, no one dared.Do not forget that at that time Russia was an active participant in the First World War.A large part of the officers somehow had large landholdings.Disturb those who led the army, did not venture: this could result in disastrous consequences.
At the same time simulation solutions yet undertaken.So, it was issued two decisions.In the first ("On the protection of crops"), land owners were obliged to rent out vacant plots to those who intended to plant them.The second part involves creating land committees whose primary function was to prepare for agrarian reform.They were established in 30% of the provinces of the European part of Russia.The presence of the latter is not very happy with the government.However, an understanding of all the growing civil position among the peasants forced to make concessions, and the authorities hoped it would be possible to use them for their own purposes.Directly introducing the reform itself endlessly postponed.This function tends to shift to the Constituent Assembly, which could not convene.
Peasant discord
Bolsheviks called their reasons why the interim government delayed the solution of the agrarian question, and skillfully used them, fueling the already fire hazard.The country began to shake spontaneous rallies the peasants, who demanded laws that would allow them to land rights.Government regulations were interpreted very broadly, so that it came to simple seizure of land and its division among the peasants.Recent demanded communal land tenure, under which there would be no individual farmers.
Infantilism authorities on this issue led to the fact that the fall began genuine socialization of the land - weaning allotments from the landlords.The first Provisional Government was not able to cope with growing like a snowball process of redistribution.It is in these circumstances occurred at an opportune slogans of the Bolsheviks.Experts analyzing the reasons why the interim government delayed the solution of the agrarian question, the consensus is that it all comes down not only to the fear of losing control, but also present their own "selfish" interest.
