system of local government has a special place among authorities.At the local level to solve most pressing issues of the population.Citizens often have to deal with local authorities for the realization of their legal needs.
degree of well-functioning state apparatus determines the efficiency and speed of solving economic, legal and social issues and questions of administrative and territorial unit.In other words, the fullness of citizens to exercise their options provided by law depends largely on the quality of the organization and activities of local authorities.
world legal practice has developed three basic ways of formation of the municipal system and empower its officers.The specifics of each method of organization is determined by the basic features of the legal "group", in which it exists.
So, the legal family of the same name stands continental (Roman-German) and the Anglo-Saxon system of local government.There are States in which the organizational structure of government includes features typical of both of the above types.The system of local government in these countries called dualistic.
Anglo-Saxon model has appeared in the UK.Later, organizational principles were adopted by Australia, Canada, USA, New Zealand.All of these countries now belong to the Anglo-Saxon legal family, and the system of local self-government of each of these countries is based on similar principles.
municipal authority in this case is different decentralization, complexity of the internal structure, independent of the hierarchy of higher bodies of formal and substantive certain limits of competence units, elected not one but a number of officials.
so-called "rule of Dillon" is the opposite of the meaning of the principle of "everything is permitted that is not forbidden", typical of the continental family.This rule restricts the limits of authority of municipal authorities in the Anglo-Saxon system capabilities right granted to them by law.
Continental system of local government characterized by the control of state power over territorial entities overbearing.In Anglo-Saxon family of the municipality is not directly subject to the higher authorities.In addition, no local officials - representatives of the central government, endowed with supervisory powers.Decentralization thus prevents the bureaucracy and promote the democratization of the legal cooperation between the local authorities and population.The system of local self-government of this type involves the control of the municipalities through financial mechanisms of the central government and in the judiciary.
distinctive feature of Anglo-Saxon family is a family of services municipalization.This feature allows residents to administrative-territorial units will solve the legal issues without spending time waiting for the decision of the regional or central authority.
