Today, different technologies develop with immeasurable speed, watching swimming competitions from another country - it is not new.Thousands, if not millions of viewers experience for athletes.It seems that swimming as a sport was born recently.In principle, it is.Of course, people have learned to float and even move around on it for quite a long time ago, but the sport was swimming later.Among other things, it is worth noting that it is useful for the body.An excellent method for weight loss is used by many as the most simple.Now the sport is gaining popularity.Beautiful art swimming, spectacular freestyle competition can not be ignored.When and where swimming as a sport was born, and became so popular?What are the different types and styles?What are the characteristics of swimming as a sport?All this you will learn from this article.
Limbo
Scientists found that in ancient times originated swimming.As a sport or as a necessity - it is unknown.They have been found drawings on cave walls, which are supposedly to 5000 years BC.e.Ancient people noticed that many of the animals are able to move through the water, and took over this ability.As you might guess, the first style was the way to swim "like a dog".It has existed for quite a while, until it was replaced breaststroke.And that became the basis for all subsequent innovations.In ancient civilizations start diving is particularly popular.The first written reference dates back to 2000 BC.e.We also know that in ancient Rome, swimming was the basis of training athletes, including those who participated in the Olympics.But the history of sailing as a sport dates back to the turn of the XV-XVI centuries.It was then that the first competitions were held.
Therefore, swimming appears for a long time.Even the ancient people used it to move through the water.Swimming evolving, new styles, and it gradually became a sport.It is not strange, history of swimming as a sport like running.It is also used as the first necessity, and only after a lot of time running was the sport.Swimming is today one of the most famous and popular classes.Many use it as an exercise for weight loss and health improvement.
History Styles
As mentioned at the beginning, when there was the emergence of navigation, it had only one style - "a dog."But then came breaststroke on which to invent new forms.Next Style became the side.Legs in swimming resembled scissors.Then people started to swim overarm, which allows us to develop a large, compared with other speed.Then John Trejo in 1783 invented the style that bears his name.Then the competition has been quite popular, and the new method allowed to establish many world records, including its creator.Then, finally, there was a crawl.His England "brought" Richard Cavill in Australia.Soon, the style was recognized as the fastest, how, and to this day is.Today, it has a lot of popularity it.
Kroll Kroll - a style of swimming on his stomach.When using the left and right parts of the body move alternately.Hands make stroke along the axis line, while the legs are raised and lowered.Complicated compared to other styles of appliances.The face of the swimmer must be in the water and rise beyond it only to carry out breath.Kroll is considered to be the fastest sea voyage.In the event there is the concept of "freestyle" in which athletes have the right to go the way they want, but choose exactly crawl.
Because the head is lowered into the water, his hands can make large strokes, and it appears on the positive rate.When compared with the crawl backstroke, the first just so fast.When comparing with the last butterfly also loses due to the fact that work basically hand and the housing fails.Uniform acceleration is possible only in Crawley, helps athletes to travel long distances at speed without tiring at the same time.
Interesting facts
appears Krol was born a long time ago.Initially, it was used by Indians.And Europe met him in 1844, when the Americans defeated the British swimmers.Defeated but proud athletes do not want to use the new style, as it was considered "barbaric" due to the large number of sprays.The history of sailing as a sport, in particular, styles, and had such strange moments.
After the Australian rabbit appeared American, thanks to improvements.It is the latter is now thus "freestyle".The initial position in Crawley - "at attention", swimmers are turned face down, straightened his legs, arms stretched upward.
Brass
As already mentioned, it was the transition from the breaststroke style "like a dog" and the basis for almost all the others.Swimming as a sport could not exist without it.It originated view for a long time: the first image people using a style similar to the breaststroke, was found in an Egyptian "Cave of Swimmers".Painting relates to approximately 9000 BC.e.Also known figure depicts Assyrian soldiers, using this method, but the image was created within the 1292-1225 biennium.BC.e.Dane Nicolas Vinman in 1538 one of the first described breaststroke in his book.The famous "frog kick 'legs began to be applied only in the XIX century.
in various competitions in the style of breaststroke is often triumphed Russian and Soviet athletes.The Olympic style was incorporated only in 1904, then took a swim in the 402 m., Attended only by men.Then swimming as an Olympic sport began its development.Already in the following games distance has been reduced to 200 m. Since 1924, they were held contests for women in the same distance.And in 1968, athletes have to compete in the 100 meters.
Butterfly Butterfly - is swimming on his stomach, one of the most difficult styles.Tedious and complex.The name comes from the word "butterfly".Indeed, some similarities can be found, primarily because of the typical arm stroke.In contrast to the rabbit, both hands make strokes, lifting the body of water.At the same time performed a deep breath.Feet together with the pelvis move in waves, giving acceleration.Although the performance - one of the most difficult, yet Butterfly is the second fastest of the stele.Its main difference from the rabbit - is that the acceleration in him because of sharp uneven arm stroke.
Interestingly, the butterfly - advanced breaststroke.Initially, the swimmers have realized that for the greater speed it makes sense to raise their hands above the water.The movement of the body and legs later replaced by a more comfortable and natural.
As mentioned, Appliances Butterfly is extremely difficult and requires a good performance.That scared and many newcomers.Learn how to combine movement with his hands and feet, as well as more breaths and exhale - is quite difficult, so many go into crawl.Whereas in most other styles, it is important it is technically correct execution, the butterfly, in addition, important physical strength.
predicament is undulation of the body, which is present (if we consider only the known styles) only in the butterfly.Because swimming is the sport for children - not the best option.
Equipment and regulations
to swim any style outfit is the same: hat, sunglasses, swimming trunks or swimsuit fused (for men or women, respectively), are also often used wetsuits.They began to appear in the 2000s.and are divided into types: from the neck to the ankles, from the neck to the knees, gidroshtany shorts for swimming.In 2010, the FINA (International Swimming Federation) has banned synthetics.So now only used textiles.
Swimming as a sport today, is carried out in 50- or 25-meter pool.Many competitions are held swims breaststroke and freestyle.For example, at the summer Olympics, the World Championships, Universiade, the World Cup.Last held annually.
Standards:
- crawl (also known as freestyle): 50 m, 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m, 1500 m;
- butterfly: 50 m, 100 m, 200 m;
- Breaststroke: 50 m, 100 m, 200 m;
- on the back: 50 m, 100 m, 200 m.
What to choose
those who are just starting to swim, not necessarily professional, worth a try crawl.But people who can not even hold water, you need to start with the style of "a dog."It was he who, if you look, and underlies all the others.Then, accordingly, need to proceed to the front crawl or breaststroke, where you can and stop.
pool or sea
If the choice between the sea and swimming pool, the unequivocal answer can not be.But the first option is not available to most Russians, or possible only in summer.
If you wish to swim is to go to a professional trainer in the pool.There you can train year-round and easy to learn and keep moving on the water from the ground.However, amateur classes, you can select and open bodies of water.So, in the sea wind and waves create a natural barrier and the water brings health benefits.If the pool you have to pay for the ticket, the open water bodies are shared.Everyone chooses the extent possible and preferences.However, artificially created pool is safe in most cases, there are provided the rescuers.And on the open water is likely not cope with the current and drowned.The ideal option is to combine.
's such an interesting history of sport.Swimming is very popular, but there are other disciplines, to which it has a direct relationship.Next will be discussed the two most popular.
Triathlon Swimming, cycling, running as a sport called triathlon.The name speaks for itself.Sport appeared not so long ago, it goes to the beginning of 1920-1930., When France held an analogue of today's triathlon La Course des Debrouillards.While running a 3-km bike - 12, and the diving was carried out across the channel Marne.Unfortunately, with 1930 references to the triathlon was not until 1974, when a group of friends in the US-athletes or merged and any organized club, where all trained together.They represented several sports, namely, running, biking and swimming.Also, friends started to organize the event.Thus, the first contest was held September 25, 1974, they participated 46 athletes.First bicycle race held 180.2 km run - 42.2 km;swimming - 3.86 km.
members have long argued about what kind of sport requires maximum endurance.As a result, it was found an article which said that the cyclist Eddy Merckx had the highest rate of oxygen consumption.And the sport was recognized requires maximum endurance.Triathlon gained so much popularity that many are thinking seriously about his inclusion in the Olympic program.Competitions are usually held on the standard: 1.5 km / 40 km / 10 km.Standard developed the Triathlon race director Jim Curl in the mid 80s.
Synchronized swimming
Perhaps the synchronized swimming as a sport is one of the most beautiful courses.Usually involving only women, but recently joined men.Important in synchronized swimming - a coherent team performance, combining diving and jumping.This exercise is enormous.It is necessary to spend a lot of time in training to achieve good results.Russian athletes are leaders in this sport, to prepare them all equal rival.
However, in addition to standard technical and physical difficulties, there are special: quite difficult to breathe while performing.Constant, and often more, and many diving requires breath on the large amount of time.In order to protect the lungs, athletes wear special clips on the nose.
But whence originates synchronized swimming as a sport?
history
As you know, Greece was created a huge number of disciplines.And synchronized swimming originates from there, then the group of boys and girls circle dances on the water.Only at the end of the XIX century.it was the beginning of synchronized swimming.Then, England had established a group of swimmers, men who perform a variety of shapes in the water.A first competition organized in 1891 in Berlin.Then the art swimming, as it was then called, began its development.And in 1952, they held demonstrations at the Olympic Games, after which the sport was named synchronized swimming.In the same year the finals was created by the relevant committee.And in 1958 passed the first international competition.The program of the Olympic Games synchronized swimming included only in 1984.
rich and varied sailing as a sport.History and development go back to ancient times.Today, diving is gaining popularity among the inhabitants of the land.Everyone can find something that will like, because a great number of species.Synchronized swimming most beautiful triathlon rich variety of disciplines and competitions are the usual classics.Many are engaged in amateur swimming, parents send their children to clubs.History of swimming as a sport continues its active development today.
