WWII history is full of heroic pages.However, over the 70 years that have passed since the victory was revealed and a lot of fraud, as well as stories about how there were some events that cause doubt in their reliability.Among them, a feat 28 Panfilov, who is mentioned in the hymn of Moscow and who often become the basis for a feature film script.
Background
In the first months after the start of the Second World War in Frunze and Alma-Ata was formed 316th Infantry Division, which was assigned the command of the then military commissar of the Kirghiz SSR, Major-General IV Panfilov.In late August 1945, this military formation became part of the army, and was directed to the front near Novgorod.Two months later, he was transferred to the area of ​​Volokolamsk and ordered to take a defensive line length of 40 km.Panfilov division soldiers had to constantly keep exhausting battles.And only in the last week in October 1941 they were destroyed and burned 80 units of enemy vehicles and enemy losses in manpower amounted to more than 9000 officers and soldiers.
Division under the command of Panfilov had a total 2 artillery regiments.In addition, it was subordinate to the one tank company.However, one of its infantry regiments was ill prepared, as it formed shortly before the departure to the front.Panfilov, as they were later called in the Soviet press, opposed by three armored and one infantry division of Wehrmacht.The enemy went on the offensive on 15 October.
feat Panfilov near Moscow: the version of the Soviet period
One of the most famous Soviet patriotic legends that originated in the Great Patriotic War, tells about the events at the junction Dubosekovo, which allegedly took place 16 November 1941.It first appeared in the newspaper "Red Star", to sketch frontkorra B. Koroteeva.According to the original source, 28 people, including in the fourth company of the second battalion of 1075 Regiment, commanded by V. Klotchkov political officer in the course of 4 hours of fierce combat destroyed 18 enemy tanks.Moreover, almost all of them were killed in an unequal battle.The article was also given a phrase, according Koroteeva, before his death said Klotchkov: "Great Russia, and nowhere to retreat - behind Moscow!"
feat 28 Panfilov: the story of a rigged
The day after the first article in"Red Star" published an article authored by AY Krivitsky entitled as "The Testament 28 fallen heroes," where the journalist was referred to as Panfilov.The feat of the soldiers and their political leader has been described in detail, however, the publication did not mention the names of the participants in the events.They first hit the press until 22 January, when all the same feat Panfilov Krivitsky presented on a gross sketch, acting as a witness of those events.Interestingly, the "Izvestia" wrote about the fighting near Volokolamsk further 19 November reported total about 9 wrecked tanks and 3 burned.
story about heroes, the cost of living protection of the capital, shook Soviet people and soldiers who fought on all fronts, and the command of the Western Front, prepared a petition addressed to the People's Commissar of Defense, about how to assign the 28 brave soldiers, referred to in ArticleA. Krivitsky, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.As a result, already July 21, 1942 Presidium of the Supreme Council signed a corresponding decree.
Official exposing
Already in 1948 was carried out an extensive investigation with a view to establish whether there was a feat of 28 Panfilov.The reason is that the year before he was arrested in Kharkov someone IE Dobrobabin.It brought to justice with the phrase "high treason", as the military prosecutor's office investigators found compelling evidence to show that during the war he voluntarily surrendered and joined the invaders.In particular, it was found that the former policeman in 1941, was a participant in the battle under the siding Dubosekovo.Moreover, it turned out that he Dobrobabin referred to in Article Krivitsky - one and the same person, and he was posthumously awarded the title Hero.Further investigation allowed to consider all contained in an article in which described the feat of the Panfilov near Moscow falsification.These findings formed the basis of reference, signed by the then Attorney General of the USSR G. Safonov, who presented Zhdanov June 11, 1948.
criticism in the press
results of the investigation, questioned the fact that the feat of the Panfilov as described in the publications of "Red Star", took place in reality, and not included in the Soviet press.Only in 1966 in the "New World" appeared the first article on the November fighting at Dubosekovo.The author called on to examine the facts relating to who was Panfilov, a feat which was described in all the history books.However, further development of this theme in the Soviet press did not receive until the beginning of perestroika, when there were thousands of declassified archival documents, including the results of the investigation in 1948, finding that feat Panfilov Heroes - it's just a literary fiction.
Whence number 28
light on how and why in 1941 there was a distortion of the facts relating to the soldiers Panfilov sheds transcript of the interrogation correspondent Koroteeva.In particular, he points out that on his return from the front, provided information about the battle of the 5th Company of the 316th Infantry Division, who were killed on the battlefield, and not surrendering their positions, the editor of "Red Star".He asked him how many were soldiers and Koroteev, who knew that it was understaffed, he said that 30-40, adding that he 1075 th Infantry Regiment was not, as his way to his position was impossible.In addition, he reported that, according to politdoneseniyu from the regiment, two soldiers tried to surrender, but were shot by their comrades.Thus, it was decided to publish the figure 28 and write only one smalodushnichal fighters.So there was a legend, and fictional "dead, one and all, Panfilov," a feat which sang in poems and songs.
Drinking feat
Today blasphemously argue about whether Panfilov Heroes.The feat of the soldiers of the 316th Infantry Division, honestly fulfilled their duty in November 1941, of course, as well as their great merit is that Soviet troops did not allow the invaders to the capital of our country.Another thing is that the fact that among the awardees was a traitor, is an insult to the memory of these heroes, did not spare their lives for the sake of the Great Victory, the 70th anniversary of which will soon be celebrating all of humanity, does not suffer from historical amnesia.
