Children - flowers of life!It is associated with their children's most cherished dream of every parent.And the first thing should be to ensure the child's parents - proper growth and development, so the detection of the slightest deviation is necessary to immediately seek the help of professionals.
What is a pathologist?
There is a profession that combines medicine and pedagogy.It defectology.A specialist in the field of defectology to become the best friend and adviser for special children and their parents.
speech pathologists - a teacher, specializing in the classroom with children who lag behind in physical or mental development.
What qualities should a therapist
speech pathologists - it is primarily a person who has received appropriate training.The teacher should be able to diagnose abnormalities in children are available, and look for ways to compensate them, as well as to carry out a specific course of study designed to develop problem child.The age barrier between the child and the specialist should be absent.The latter should be able to enter into the confidence of the younger generation and become another child.
Among the personal qualities that should have a teacher-therapist, are the following:
- high level of intelligence.Is a necessity when we are learning a profession pathologists.Educators must be properly and clearly put it, it should have an excellent memory, to know how to build and structure the lessons.
- intuitive abilities.Intuition is needed to identify the methodology that is suitable for the particular case.
- observation and care.These two qualities will help to establish contact with the child, to determine the specifics of his behavior and give a logical explanation for this.
- Sociability.The specialist should be able to find common language with children and be sociable with them, always be able to talk with the child and be provoked into a bilateral dialogue.
- emotional steadfastness and patience.Strong nervous system - the key to the effectiveness and efficiency of training pathologists with children with physical or mental disabilities.You have to understand that the work of defectology - skilled labor.
- responsiveness.Speech pathologists - the first person who has to come to the aid of those in need, it should not be indifferent to other people's problems.
- Tact.The specialist must exercise the utmost courtesy and care in dealing with special babies and their parents.
defectological specialty
Science defectology includes several key areas:
- Theory - teaching children with both explicit and minor deviations in the hearing aid;
- Correctional - training of the younger generation with impaired mental development;
- physical training - teaching kids who disrupted the visual apparatus;
- speech therapy - teaching children, indications of which are within the normal range, but there are speech disturbances, revealed in pronunciation.
pathologists Occupation: goals and objectives
Goals, set by the teacher-therapist:
- motivated by a desire to learn through motivation.
- compensate for the lack of general knowledge, to make up the development of the speech apparatus, to teach literacy, reading, modeling game.
Focusing on the goal, a specialist in working with special children the following tasks:
- conducts remedial work relative to the existing deviations in the development of students.
- ongoing studies with a view to identifying children structure and degree of their inherent defects.
- unites students with the same psychophysical state in the group.
- conducts classes (in a group or individually) aimed at correcting deviations in the development and restoration of functional features.Classes with problem children are based on the use of certain methods and techniques.The choice of a methodology of the program depends on the specifics of the existing variance in students.
- consultations and interviews with parents of children who are in his rehabilitation.
In addition, a children's therapist should systematically improve their professional qualifications.
functions of the teacher-defectologist
- A detailed examination of the child, which is diagnosed on the basis of his ability to learn.If abnormalities in development are identified, organized work aimed at maximizing recovery and replenishment of the shortcomings in development.
- conducts classes whose purpose is the development of basic mental processes (perception, attention, memory, thinking processes, and so on. D.).
- Develops communication skills of children.
- Develops culminating activity for the children of a certain age category.So, to compensate for the development of pre-school therapist in kindergarten focuses on gaming activities for schoolchildren - reading, writing, and so on. D.
Job pathologists: organizational principles
to diagnose developmental disorders and their correction and rehabilitationan integrated approach, which is based on the principle of unity of diagnosis and correction.Work on diagnostics are an integral part of a comprehensive study of the baby specialist.The situation in the survey should be supportive, friendly, without extraneous noise and third parties, the dialogue - in a quiet tone.
analysis of violations in the development is carried out using etiopathogenetic approach.Each special child struck the central nervous system, the nature of these different lesions, which can lead to non-uniform irregularities in mental and physical development.Therefore, studies with defectology are differentiated.For each individual student or preschool compiled a list of priorities in correctional work.
When planning the classes you need to consider age categories and characteristics of the individual nature of children.The task that confronts the child specialist, it must be extremely yasna.Esli child needs help at the same time two or more professionals, there is an interdisciplinary collaboration of doctors and educators.
Every little man problem teacher-therapist provides dynamic monitoring, the results of which we can draw conclusions about the effectiveness of the remedial works on various methodological techniques.
also systematically carried out correlative analysis of mature educational knowledge, mental and physical development of the crumbs.
Myths about the pathologists
- Myth 1 .For unexplained reasons, people have an opinion about what therapist specializes in working exclusively with children who have a substantial deviation of mental and physical functions.This is not true.He can help any child having problems with academic performance.Speech pathologists - a wide-profile teacher who knows how to choose the right method of teaching for a particular child.
- Myth 2 .Going with a specialist in the field of defectology will last forever.Far from it, or rather, it is not so.If a teacher works with students who have problems with academic performance and has no disabilities mental and physical character, such pursuits peculiar clear time frame.He comes when a teacher will help the child to fill in the knowledge gaps.
and Speech pathologist: what are the main differences
main differences pathologists from speech therapy are as follows:
- target audience.Speech pathologists working with special children who have certain variations in mental and physical development, and a speech therapist - with a completely developed children who have problems with speech and pronunciation.
- purpose of employment.Speech pathologists at school or kindergarten aims to help the crumbs to learn to express their thoughts, restores the gaps in knowledge, implement measures to correct mental development.Speech therapist also works only on the development of the speech apparatus and correction of speech.
- restrictions in the age group of children.Defectology specialist can conduct classes with very small children (from 1 year), but the sessions with a speech therapist should not rush to execution of child three years of age.In addition, a speech therapist may apply and adult.
- speech pathologists - wide-profile specialist than can not boast of a speech therapist, a field of activity which is much smaller.
related professions
Occupation pathologists close, in essence, with the profession of a teacher, a psychologist, a doctor, a speech therapist, a kindergarten teacher.
Famous scientists pathologists
special education needs a considerable amount of children of preschool and school age.Numerous studies relating to this issue, devoted their labors outstanding scientists of the Russian Federation.The golden fund of academic pathologists are: VMBekhterev (Russian neurologist, psychiatrist and psychologist, founder of scientific school), AN Graborov (founder of the educational system of sensory culture), LV Zankov (domestic psychologist and therapistteacher, student LS Vygoskogo), MS Pevzner (Russian scientist, psychiatrist, psychologist, therapist and teacher), FA Rau, J. J. Schiff, EK Grachev (Russian firstteacher-therapist), VP Kashchenko (head first sanatorium school for special children), IV Malyarevsky, Vygotsky (an experimental pathologist, researcher defectology), MF Gnezdilov (domestic oligophrenopedagogs,Methodist), GE Sukharev (author of the evolutionary-biological conception of mental illness), GM Dulnev.
Due to the above figures of science special education in Russia received not only the approval but also must develop.
