political regime - a system of government, the methods that the authorities use to maintain order, how to respond to the public mood.What contributes to its preservation for many decades, and which may cause dissatisfaction of the population and cause a change of the ruling regime?
Speaking of the political regime, we note a small nuance.Many (as it turned out, to a certain time and the author too) often confuse or mix the two concepts: "form of government" and "political regime".Slightly dissolve them.The form of government is a coherent system.That it characterizes the interaction of the branches of government, the order of forming the government, and the definition of head of state.The political regime - it's more character, means and methods by which the interaction between the authorities and between the authorities and the population.For example, Japan's political system - democracy and the form of government - a constitutional monarchy.
Once we were talking about the differences in these terms, it is logical to focus on their typology.Political highlights democracy and terrorism (authoritarian and totalitarian) regime types.With regard to the form of government, they are much more:
- State: Federal (Australia), Islamic (Afghanistan), multinational (Bolivia), unitary (Sri Lanka).
- Republic, including the federal (Austria), unitary (Bangladesh), Islamic (Iran).The republican form of government is inherent in most modern states, including Russia.
- monarchy - constitutional (Japan), absolute theocratic (Vatican City), absolute (Brunei), parliamentary (Spain).Monarchy as such - Oman.
- parliamentary principality (Andorra).
As you can see, the form of government are more diverse.Moreover, some of them exist only in one state.An example of this - the Vatican, Andorra, Iran, Bolivia, Sri Lanka, Spain, Afghanistan.
features of political regimes according to Aristotle
studying the materials for this article, I was surprised by the approach to political regimes that have been proposed by Aristotle.It seemed to me, in his work "Politics" essence of the political system was set out in the most accessible and correct interpretation.Thus, Aristotle singled out the 6 main political regimes.Three of them are the right forms, but three had their perverse variations.
- correct political regime - it is (in the opinion of the great philosopher) monarchy, aristocracy and polity.Their correctness is that the government's actions are for the benefit of citizens.
- perverted political regime - the distortion of the principles of "right."These include tyranny, oligarchy and democracy.These systems control the government's actions are aimed at "good for yourself."
interesting is the fact that Cicero in translation of this treatise, according to some sources, has replaced the term "polity," the term "republic" had a dramatic effect on the ability to correct the perception of the text.(Republic at the time was one of the names of the Roman Empire.)
legitimacy of the regime
Surely many people are interested in the question of why some regimes, which should cause a violent rejection remain immutable for centuries?To indicate such approval, there is such a term as "legitimacy".It implies that the citizens of the state recognize the procedures and methods used by the authorities correct and acceptable.At the same time the population is almost no attempt to disrupt the existing social order, or attempt to overthrow the government and change the system.All the actions and requirements of the authorities are perceived as natural, necessary and only right.Agree, very similar to what the political regime in Russia (or rather the USSR) existed during the reign of Stalin.It is on this principle more than a dozen years, there is North Korea.
What caused this "submission" of the population?Properly constructed ideology.Legitimate political regime - is power, which is based on ancestral and ancient traditions, religion, political orientation (which can also be considered a kind of religion), as well as the principles of rationality.
