Immanuel Kant - is the famous German thinker, who made a great contribution to the development of classical philosophy.His writings are relevant to this day.Particularly important is considered critical philosophy of Kant.Consider its main features and ideas.The revolutionary thinker's works is that he proposed a fundamentally new philosophical approach.Rather than reflect on the many challenges of life, Kant moved to the very origins.Philosopher asked a question about the boundaries of the human mind knowledge of reality.That is why the idea of a thinker called critical.Immanuel refuted the idea that the ability to learn a person is boundless.
Critical philosophy of Kant is divided into three main areas that can be summarized in three simple questions.The first of them - "What do I know?".There thinker rejects the idea of simplicity and vastness of knowledge.As proof, he cites the so-called distortion of the human perception of the surrounding world.In the writings of Kant, all things exist as if in two dimensions.In the first, the object exists "in himself," he is, what is the reality.In the second measurement item appears in the form of the phenomenon.It exists only as a reflection in the human perception of it.Kant believed that the object and the object in reality in the eyes of the individual - are completely different things.Consequently, human cognitive abilities are very limited, because the judgment of the world will expire only in its reflection, and not from existing reality.
then critical philosophy of Kant has set itself the following question - "what should I do?".It does not consider the abstract thinker, but a purely practical problems.Kant believed that the soul of each individual laid a certain moral code, the so-called "voice of conscience."Thinker wrote in his writings that the person must live in full compliance with them.Here the critical philosophy of Kant is in contact with the basic principles of the Christian religious doctrine.German thinker, wrote that a person can not use his fellows as a means to an end.This is contrary to all the laws of unquestioned morality.A person may be solely purpose.Kant believed that the individual should be above the selfish propensities, natural impulses and instincts.
third question, which is considered in his writings German philosopher, sounds like - "what can I hope for?".Critical philosophy of Kant meant by a fact that a person who lives on moral laws, acquires true freedom.It consists in the fact that a person can make their own decisions and determine their own lives, rather than acting "on orders" of their natural needs, which can be devastating.Kant believed that individual efforts to comply with all humanistic principles are not compensated in life, but you must act in accordance with them, because the moral law is indisputable.Philosopher wrote that a person may rely only on God.Thus, religion stems from the morals, and not vice versa, as indicated in most other works of thinkers and religious figures.Kant is very unique approach to the idea of God, rationalizing it.The Thinker believed that religion is useful to man, because it gives hope to be rewarded for their efforts to comply with moral principles.That is, Kant's philosophical doctrine implies an even deeper understanding of the values of faith in God, but awareness of the importance of the idea of the afterlife, which will compensate for all the efforts of man.
