By the middle of the XIV century in Europe there is a new philosophical movement - humanism, which marked a new era in the development of human society called the Renaissance.Medieval Europe at the time was under a heavy burden of prejudices church, every free thought brutally suppressed.It was at that time in Florence, and was born a philosophical doctrine that made to look at the crown of God's creation in a new way.
Renaissance humanism - a set of exercises, representing the thinking man who can not just go with the flow, but also the ability to resist and act independently.Its main focus is interested in each individual, the belief in his spiritual and physical abilities.This Renaissance humanism proclaimed other principles of identity formation.The man in this doctrine is presented as creator, it is individual and not passive in their thoughts and actions.
new philosophical direction based his ancient culture, art and literature, focusing on the spiritual nature of man.In the Middle Ages, science and culture were the prerogative of the church, which is very reluctant to shared knowledge and achievements.The humanism of the Renaissance opened the curtain.First in Italy, and then gradually throughout Europe began to form universities, which, along with the Theosophical sciences, and began to study secular subjects: math, anatomy, music and the humanities.
most famous humanists of the Italian Renaissance are: Pico della Mirandola, Dante Alighieri, Giovanni Boccaccio, Petrarch, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo Buonarotti.England gave the world such giants as William Shakespeare, Francis Bacon.France gave Michel de Montaigne and Rabelais, Spain - Miguel de Cervantes, and Germany - Erasmus, Albrecht Durer and Ulrich von Hutten.All of these great scientists, educators, artists turned the world forever, and the consciousness of people and showed a reasonable person, a beautiful soul and thinking.It is they who are required for all future generations of the opportunity presented to look at the world differently.
humanism in the Renaissance led all put virtues possessed by a person, and has demonstrated the possibility of development in man (alone or with the assistance of mentors).
Anthropocentrism different from humanism that man, according to this trend is the center of the universe and all that is around, should serve him.Many Christians, armed with this doctrine, proclaimed the establishment of the supreme person, with him and take on the biggest burden of responsibility.Anthropocentrism and humanism of the Renaissance is very much different from each other, so we must be able to clearly distinguish between these concepts.Antropotsentrist - a person who is a consumer.He believes that all owe him anything, he justifies the operation and does not think about the destruction of nature.Its basic principle is: people have the right to live as he wants, and the rest of the world must serve him.
anthropocentrism and humanism of the Renaissance were later used by many philosophers and scientists like Descartes, Leibniz, Locke, Hobbes and others.These two definitions were taken as a basis repeatedly in various schools and currents.The most important, of course, for all future generations became humanism in the Renaissance sowed the seeds of goodness, enlightenment and reason that we today, after several centuries, considers the most important to a reasonable person.We, the descendants, enjoy today the great achievements of the literature and art of the Renaissance and modern science is based on the many teachings and discoveries that originated in the XIV century and still exist.The humanism of the Renaissance tried to make people better, learn to respect themselves and others, and our task - to be able to preserve and increase the best of its principles.
