history of the Old Russian state is fraught with many strange and mysterious names and titles.Faced with them in modern life to unravel the meaning of such names and place names is difficult.One of the strange names that are found in ancient chronicles is "ognischanin."This word with the passage of time has changed several times its value, so figure out what it meant, you gradually.
Old Russian times
manuscripts in the 10th century for the first time the word appears ognischanin.In ancient Rus' it meant - the person in charge of the farm house of the prince.Since the word "house" and "home" are almost synonymous, the managing farm yard and took its name, derived from the word "home".This post has been highly respected and honorable.At first, it was the election, but later transferred to the beginning and inherited.About this is the fact that along with the concept of "ognischanin" was used the phrase "Chiune ognischny."But Chiune - it is representative of the nobility.It was all run by the prince's court, stables, barns and herds.
Feature ognischanina
Ognischanin - an educated person, literacy.That it was his responsibility to collect taxes and customs Mita.Naturally, such a person become a respected and prosperous.Therefore, there is a definition of the word "ognischanin" - Knight, which has many servants and slaves.
"Russian Truth" times of Yaroslav the Wise appreciates life steward.For killing ognischanina guilty of his death, they had to pay a fine of 80 USD.For comparison, the free life was estimated at 40 USD, or killer smerd slave ransomed 5 USD fine.
Novgorod freemen
In the early 12th century in Novgorod lands the word "ognitse" meant not only to "fire" and "home", but was transformed into a broader concept of "ownership".The owner of a plot of land has also received the name of "ognischanin."The definition of the word in the Novgorod dialects already differs from the conventional - ognischan because most of the time did not have a direct relation to the prince's retinue, but simply were wealthy landowners.Between the ages of 12-13 ognischan developed influential stratum of the citizens of Novgorod who shape public opinion on national Chamber and determined policy of the Novgorod Republic.
last mention
For ages 17-18 the word gradually lost its importance.The charters of the 17th century, it is found only in the lands of Northern Russia.Ognischanin - a mayor of a small town or village, sometimes performing the duties of secular judges.After the 18th century, the word is not found in any oral or in writing.
Alternative values
generally accepted meaning of the word is often disputed.According Mstislavsky, ognischanin - a hero, descended from the ancient Slavic princes.This view is questioned by modern science as security and aristocratic ognischan initially in no way were not hereditary.Studies have shown that the first representatives of tiuns ognischanskih chosen from simple warriors.
second meaning of the word is mentioned in the famous Veles book, about which many historians have broken feathers.According to the unknown author of this publication, ognischane - a pre-Christian pagans worshiped fire.But this is also contentious.Fire worshiped all the primitive Slavic tribes, which had a similar pantheon of gods, and it did not give a reason to idolize tribes fire more than others.To do this, there is no historical evidence.The impressive history of the definition of "ognischanin."As mentioned above, the word was used until the early 18th century, when the fire-worshipers have been firmly forgotten.
