Technological progress allows the creation of such devices, which previously could only dream of.Now nobody will be surprised with wireless communication devices, satellite dishes and flying into space.Over the past century, it was made a lot of discoveries and inventions, by which at the moment is possible to produce modern technology of drugs and a variety of devices, allowing to carry out complex surgery.For example, the Fresnel diffraction revealed some information about the nature of light, unknown until then.
Augustin Jean Fresnel (1788-1827)
French scientist was born in an educated family, his father was an architect.As a child, Jean Augustin was not as developed child, 8 years he barely deciphered letters.And at that time, no one could not imagine that in his honor will be called one of the most important phenomena of physics - Fresnel diffraction.
scientist was able to go to a regular school, but when he was 13. After studying at Cannes, the future physicist enters the Paris Polytechnic School of areas where the strikes of teachers and fellow mental capabilities, developed in him at that time.After graduating from this school Fresnel into a "School of Bridges and Roads" and received the profession of engineer.
O. Fresnel was awarded in 1827 the highest award of the Royal Society of London values - Rumford medal.Also, the scientist was in the Paris Academy.Thanks to its development in the field of optics, the light changed methods of operation of lighthouses.
experience Fresnel
Fresnel diffraction is an experimental picture, which shows that light has wave properties.His experience has confirmed the theory of physicist Huygens experiments and added T. Jung for his research using the new interference devices.
Under the diffraction of light to understand its property to bend around obstacles, thus falling into the shadow region.Fresnel conducted experiments with an obstacle, where the light reflected from the edge of the ball, and the passage of the beam through the slit.The results of their labors physicist presented in "Memoirs of diffraction."
In addition, experience proves the existence of the phenomenon of interference of light in nature, the researchers used the installation, called "Fresnel mirror."This device represents two reflective sheet, which are arranged relative to each other at an angle slightly less than 180 °.These mirrors provide light from a single source, which is reflected, creating two reflections with the same phase difference.At the same time the two beams were combined and allowed a total of alternating dark and light bands.
use of open Fresnel
Now you can see the widespread use of the results of experiments of the French scientist.Thus, the Fresnel mirror used in the development of devices that accumulate solar energy.For example, a hub, which is used in the construction of the interference device, different maximum value gelioenergii reception.It is used as a device for heating the water, one of the power units and other industrial applications.
Another device proposed by French scientist and known as the Fresnel prism is used in the treatment of strabismus.Currently developed a new model of the elastic device is a plate of transparent plastics material.One side of a prism made raster and the other is smooth.This device is adhered to the points, while it is used for any form of strabismus.
Fresnel diffraction is used in putting the focus in optical devices (telescopes, binoculars).This discovery is one of the most decisive in optical physics, which is based on many studies.
