Word Count-barbarisms (borrowed from other nations) in the Russian language is constantly increasing.Let's now talk about what preferences.
origin of the word
word "preference" in the English preference, have been widely used since the end of the XIX century, the heyday of the colonial policy of the largest metropolitan countries.At the heart of these borrowings is Latin praefero (prefer).Hence, the preference - this preference.Well, that sounds nice.Do not always be appropriate.Therefore, in this or that sphere of activity considered the concept has its shades of meaning.The test word most often used in international trade, financial and customs relations.Like almost all the borrowed words, the "preferences" a lot of "twins".Favor, favor, privilege, priority, continuity and immunity - all synonyms or words with similar lexical meaning.
Applications term
With so many interpretations, it is not surprising scale of the use of the said words.It is widely used in political, economic, legal, social, financial, but - especially in customs terminology.There are preferential shares, debts, rates, regimes fee difference.Is preferential voting, licensing and preferential trade agreements.That is, preference - is the focus, it stresses the priority of anything more important or something.So, debts related to preferential debts, require immediate repayment.That is, this adjective emphasizes the priority following the noun it.
first practical application preferences
preference Most often viewed as a necessary component of customs and tariff policy.Before World War I, this policy was applied metropolitan countries in relation to their colonies to rob the latter.In order to prevent the internal market of third countries, which could allow the powers-satellites or colonies to sell their raw materials and products at more competitive prices.In other words, preference - is not only benefits and preferences, but also the restraining bridle providing the dictates of the major world powers.At that time it was England, France, Germany and Belgium, countries which have a large number of colonies.
In our time, when there are a large number of economic community, to imagine the movement of goods without the benefit system or customs of discounts is simply impossible.All of these actions to create favorable conditions for further development of the states are known as "granting of preferences."Customs Union established in 2010 between Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia, demonstrates very well the benefits of preferential duties and tariffs.
international privileges and preferences
At international level, it may be noted the Generalized System of Preferences, set up in 1971 with the aim of creating favorable conditions for goods produced in developing countries and sold in the economically developed countries.What, ultimately, should be to promote the development of production and economic growth in the countries being assisted.This is the ideal.Thus, favorable conditions have been created for Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the countries that have emerged from the Warsaw Pact.Then the economic preferences are beginning to acquire political overtones.At the international level, it happens very often.So sometimes preference - a system of benefits granted under strict conditions and the provision of which is strictly specified.It can be more loyal to the country to apply the most favored nation, and it is possible and the least.The gap between these two rates is called the margin of preference.
But the term "preference", as already noted, applied in a variety of industries, including construction.Who can say that the construction of Olympic facilities was not of a preferential character in all respects?Or rearmament, or the development of the Far East or the improvement of the education system? ..
structural component of preferential policies
Preferential policies can be national, regional or municipal.But it is always targeted.As an example, consider the preferences in 2013: Minenergorazvitiya proposed to establish a 15% discount for manufacturers of pharmaceutical products.In the same year two ministries - the Ministry of Labour and Ministry of Education - offered the program "Preferences for young mothers."Women under the age of 23 years old who have one or more children, given the opportunity (and create conditions of study or re-training in special courses).At stake is the demographic program of the state.Women must be given the confidence to adapt to the new conditions in which they plunge after maternity leave.The median age of women who have decided to give birth to their first child, moved to 25 years.And it says that the fairer sex count only on themselves.Experts say - you need to take into account all the details of the issue, and in addition to the maternity capital and other payments, which are provided by the state, it is necessary to create all conditions for women to believe in their security.
meaning and purpose of the Generalized System of Tariff Preferences
From international preferences in 2013 has acted preferential treatment for Russian goods imported into the European Community.In 2014, this preference will be canceled.On the territory of the European Union, created in 1993, operates general system of tariff preferences (GSP), developed in 1964 and approved at the 2nd United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in 1968.This system involves the mandatory provision of all the industrialized nations of tariff preferences to developing countries in the form of one-sided concessions.During all these years the basic tenets of CAP did not change significantly.Constantly changing only countries that provide preferential treatment or beneficiary countries, I also provided the amount of benefits that simplify the regime.Sami developing nations underwent differentiation, to identify the most underdeveloped countries.Taking into account, and environmental threats.
