Scientists estimate that in the first half of the twentieth century, the biological resources of the Sea of Azov were so high that they were not equal among all other bodies of water of the oceans.Today, significantly reduced the productivity of the sea.The industrial building up fish stocks, which are represented by 79 th species and subspecies.But many of them do not have commercial value due to a sharp reduction in the number.
Globe fish
special feature of this group is that the inhabitants of the pond, they do not leave the sea waters prior to puberty.After that, individuals are directed to spawn in the river.Ikrometa whole process takes one to two months.
Biological Resources of the Sea of Azov distinguished by the presence of valuable commercial fish species like sturgeon, beluga, sturgeon, herring, shemaya, vimba.All of them are classified as migratory.
Beluga is considered the largest fish migrating to spawn in the river.In view of the recent past was not considered rare, but is now listed as endangered.In addition to the Sea of Azov, lives in the Caspian and Black.Azov white sturgeon for breeding often rises on the river Don.Kuban ikrometa used for sturgeon less.
semi fish
Pike, roach, bream and sichel - the names of fish belonging to the category of semi-total of the group of twelve.They are representatives of anadromous, spawning directed from the sea to the river.But the difference is that this whole process in semi-takes a long time, sometimes up to a year.In addition, young may remain in rivers whole winter.
One of the representatives of this category of fish is perch.Pretty common form, occurring in the basin is not only the Sea of Azov, and the Baltic, Caspian, Black and Aral Seas.Sudak - it is a large predator, feeding on invertebrates and small fish.Dimensions adult can reach one meter in length, and the weight is usually 10-15 kg.
Marine species
Biological resources of the Azov Sea is largely represented by this group of fish.In the category there are 47 representatives.
to marine fish species is haarder, gobies, flounder, turbot, fish needle, gloss, perkarina, sprat, Komashko trёhiglaya.Feature that distinguishes these fish of the Azov Sea, lies in the fact that they constantly live in the salty waters.Here there is reproduction, the emergence of young, to achieve their sexual maturity.
Pilengas - one of the most common inhabitants of the sea.It is interesting in that it was specifically introduced into the pool about 40-50 years ago.Over a relatively short period of time he managed to successfully acclimate fish and today refers to commercial species.Dimensions haarder impressive - up to 150 centimeters in length with a weight up to 12 kilograms.
Migratory species
describing the biological resources of the Azov Sea, it is necessary to mention the breeds which are in permanent migration.These types of marine fish as the Azov and Black Sea anchovy, herring, golden mullet, striped mullet, horse mackerel, goatfish, mullet, Black Sea turbot, mackerel, regularly changing habitats, crossing the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov, or vice versa.
Of the four known species of red mullet in the pool resides only one of them.Fish kept in flocks in the bottom waters.In the upper layers of the seabed is small animals that are food for surmullet.The fish has commercial value.
Freshwater species
Sturgeon, bleak, goldfish, ide, pike are freshwater fish, despite inhabiting their marine waters.Belonging to a group is because they inhabit freshened waters of the sea.For this reason, the fish do not make large migrations.In total, there are 13 different categories.
use of natural resources
Today, state of the environment of the Azov Sea is worrying experts.Thoughtless use of natural resources, intensive reduction of river flow have led to a fourfold reduction in fish species.Their total number was reduced to 10-15 times.These dramatic changes in the ecosystem have occurred in less than 80 years, they are connected only with human activities.
From year two thousand catching sturgeon fishing is prohibited due to a sharp reduction in the number of species.The list of water bodies, where there is a ban on and the Sea of Azov.Description of fish species requiring careful treatment, unfortunately, is not limited to sturgeon.Flounder, mullet, too, lost their commercial value.
The waters of the Azov Sea water is used for economic purposes the two countries - Russia and Ukraine.From the consistency of their actions depends on the well-being of the region, as well as the improvement of ecological situation in the entire basin.
