Angular momentum is a fundamental, basic laws of nature.It is directly connected with the symmetry properties of the space of the physical world in which we all live.Due to the law of its conservation, angular momentum determines familiar to us the physical laws of motion of material bodies in space.This value indicates the amount of translational or rotational movement.
angular momentum, also called "kinetic", "angular" and "orbit", it is an important characteristic that depends on the mass of the material body, especially its distribution with respect to the imaginary axis, and the velocity of the circulation.It should be noted that in the mechanics of rotation has a broader interpretation.Even linear motion by some arbitrary point lying in the space can be regarded as rotational, taking her by the imaginary axis.
Angular momentum and its conservation laws were formulated by Rene Descartes in relation to progressively moving system of material points.However, the preservation movement rotary type he did not mention.Only a century later by Leonhard Euler, followed by another Swiss scientist, physicist and mathematician Daniel Bernoulli in the study of the rotation of the material around a stationary central axis, it was concluded that for this kind of movement in space acts the law.
Further investigations fully confirmed that in the absence of external influences the amount of product of the masses of all points on the overall system speed and distance to the center of rotation remains unchanged.Somewhat later, French scientist Patrick Darcy, these terms are expressed in terms of the area covered by the radius vectors of elementary particles for the same period of time.This allowed to relate the angular momentum of a material point with some well-known postulates of celestial mechanics and, in particular, to the important position of planetary motion Johannes Kepler.
angular momentum of a rigid body - the third dynamic variable to which the applicable provisions of the fundamental law of conservation.He says that regardless of the nature and type of motion in the absence of external influence this value in an isolated material system will always remain unchanged.This physical component may be subjected to any changes only in case of non-zero moment of impact forces.
From this law it also follows that if M = 0, any change in the distance between the body (system of material points) and the central axis of rotation will certainly cause an increase or decrease its speed of rotation around the center.For example, a gymnast performing somersault in the air to make a few turns, initially rolling his body into a ball.A ballerina or figure skater rotates in pirouettes, throw your hands in the hand if they want to slow down, and vice versa, press them to the body when trying to spin at a higher speed.Thus, the sport and the arts used the fundamental laws of nature.
