crossing (Photo different situations on this site is presented in the article) is a place odnourovnego crossing the track with a car, bike or pedestrian paths.
General
Any railway crossing is the object of increased danger.For this reason, the prevention of accidents in these areas provides for barrier elements and warning signals.These include, in particular, barriers, lights and sound signals.The site is also equipped with an automatic device to move the barrier type.It is a metal tile, rising to block passage.The exceptions are the places located on the inactive portions of the road.For their designations are used only warning elements (for example, the sign "crossing").The object in question are located in places where visibility is usually good.The angle of intersection w / d paths and roads should be no less than sixty degrees.In some countries, dedicated tram line at the intersection of Highway equipped with exactly the same as the train.
classification of objects in our country railroad crossings are divided into several categories.All these objects are distributed into two classes: regulated and unregulated.The task of ensuring security at the train / railway federal solve Remote Control and automation specialist funds.They provide an adjustment and the priority of the trains in those places where the same level of their way to have the intersection of roads.These limits must comply with all requirements set by special provision "On the safety of rail transport infrastructure."Later in the article it will be referred to the Technical Regulations.SDA include identifying opportunities for safe crossing unregulated crossings of tracks for all participants.
Classification of operational conditions of the object
crossing can be in the following states:
- object is opened to traffic on it trains and other vehicles.At the same time Remote Control and Automatic train are in good condition.
- Object opened to traffic trains on it but closed to other vehicles.At the same time free from the road crossing facilities.Telemechanics and equipment are in good condition.Crossing ready for the implementation of safe passage of trains.
- object closed to traffic on it trains and other vehicles.This is due to the presence on the move a car that can not leave it alone.At the same time Remote Control and Automatic train are in good condition.Drive is not ready to implement the missing vehicles.
- object closed to traffic on it trains and other vehicles.At the same time Remote Control and Automatic train are out of whack.Railroad crossing is not ready to implement the missing vehicles, due to failure of protective safety equipment.
- Object opened to traffic on his train, but is closed to motor vehicles.This is due to the presence on moving the vehicle, who did not leave his area.At the same time Remote Control and Automatic train are in good condition.Drive is ready to implement bandwidth monitoring vehicles.
- Object opened to traffic on his train, but is closed to motor vehicles.At the same time Remote Control and Automatic train are out of whack.Drive is not ready to implement bandwidth monitoring vehicles.
- Object opened to traffic on it trains and other vehicles.At the same time Remote Control and Automatic train are out of whack.The object is not ready to implement safe passage of trains and motor vehicles.
Standards
Instruction level crossings establishes a level of control that must comply with Remote Control and w / d Automatic.These tools shall allow the pre-emptive rights in the implementation of the trains at the regulated entity.To do this, perform the following functions:
1. Implementation of Train Control.In particular, regulated and employment of uphill sections zoom in or out.
- This control measure implemented at controlled crossings, which are located on the spans railroad tracks.This action is carried out through the use of several independent sensors.Their task is to fix the presence of trains on the move.The sensors must not be less than four.
- This control measure is implemented on the regulated crossings, which are located at stations w / d paths.They must be equipped with centralized traffic lights and arrows.The event is carried out by means of technical equipment.
2. To implement the protections of these objects used light tower.Railroad crossing at the same time equipped with a dedicated warning systems.These elements are operating on objects, or automatically controlled from the outside.They are controlled by the operator, which regulates the movement of trains on a certain stretch of railway tracks.Also, this action can exercise the duty on the project.Traffic lights regulate traffic.They prohibit the use of the object for vehicles, while the train reaches the corresponding portion (close to the line of intersection with the main road over a certain distance).
3. Implementation of the barrier object barriers from road traffic.This event is carried out by installing customized systems.Moving is equipped with electric gates.They may be controlled automatically or from the outside.They are controlled by the operator, which regulates the movement of trains on a certain stretch of railway tracks.Also, management can exercise duty of the move.Reflective devices and signal lights are mounted on the boards on the sides of the barriers which face the road.
4. Implementation boom moving through the equipment devices from unauthorized entry of participants in road traffic.This event is carried out by installing customized systems.The device is a railway crossing in this case, involves the construction of bandstop elements from the road.The functioning of these structures controlled by the operator.It regulates the movement of trains on a certain stretch of railway tracks.Also, management can exercise duty on the project.
5. Implementation of the fence-target devices from the railway tracks.This event is carried out by setting the barrage of traffic lights at the appropriate direction.They are controlled by the operator, which regulates the movement of trains on a certain stretch of railway tracks.Also, it may be responsible for the duty of the move.
6. Implementation of control free path of the vehicle.The event is carried out by means of equipment of the object corresponding sensors.They usually have a control device.They can also be visually monitored on duty on the project.
7. Implementation of determining the speed of trains, which is close to the object.The event is carried out by means of equipment of railways appropriate sensors in the zones move.Additionally placed devices that handle the information.
8. Implementation of remote control and communication with the rest of railway automation and related equipment operators, which regulate the movement of trains on a certain stretch of railway tracks.To carry out these activities using special automated lines.Operators, in turn, using the data obtained, regulate the movement of trains in a particular area w / d tract.
9. The implementation of timely reports to all road users information that will soon begin moving the closing procedure.This event is carried out by special devices equipped facilities chime.
10. The implementation reports timely information to pedestrians who are traveling on a pedestrian crossing the road, that the train will soon arrive.The event is carried out by means of equipment object hardware speech informant.
11. The implementation of remote control and condition monitoring of railway automation.This event is carried out by setting the appropriate sensors and instrumentation display.
travel policies railroad crossing
Never forget that non-compliance could cost a person their life.Absolutely all road users should be subject to a ban on being in the area of relocation, when the gate begins to close or is already in this position, and turn on the respective traffic signal.This rule also applies to cyclists and pedestrians.Allowed to be no closer than five meters from the fence construction.If a railway crossing without barrier, the distance to the nearest rail should be at least 10 meters.
rules of travel railway crossing in force in the Russian Federation
In our country, all road users prevented from entering w / d track in the following situations:
- barrier starts closing or already closed.In this case, the color of the light signal warning device is not critical.
- train (or any other railway transport) is within the range of sight and close to the move.
- Lit forbidding signal light unit.In this case, the position and the presence of fence construction is not critical.
- Directions crossings prohibited in the case of the area w / d fabric congestion, which prevent the driver to leave the track.
- duty inhibit input.In this case, it must be turned towards the driver's back or chest with raised over the head with a rod, a flag, a red lantern or elongated in the direction of his hands.
almost all countries where there is a railroad safety at level crossings is ensured compliance with the above rules.
What if the car stopped on the tracks?
Unfortunately, the occurrence of such situations - are not uncommon.If the driver can not push yourself out of the car in this zone, the specified norms require from him the following:
- When forced to stop on the tracks immediately disembark all passengers out of the car.
- Try to take their own measures for the release of the w / d fabric.
- send two people on either side of railway lines, if available.Pre-need to explain to them the rules for filing a stop signal train drivers.
- are near the vehicle.This should give the signals of general alarm.
- If a train came in sight, you need to run to meet him.It should inform the driver about the urgent need to stop.
How to send a signal?
General alarm
to inform is a series of one long and three short beeps.
requirement
stop signal is a circular motion with his hand.To implement it will need night lights or a torch, and a day - some easily noticeable object or flap of bright cloth.
Precautions
Safety rules when crossing railway crossings is not respected by all and not always.This inevitably leads to death.At present, special attention is given to developments that would have prevented such a coincidence.For example, in Western Europe, launched a program to reduce the number of crossings.Produced their replacement multilevel crossings.Here is the relationship of four to one.There are several old buildings are replaced by new, more advanced.In the Netherlands, the construction of crossings completely abandoned.At the same time, in some cities of the Russian Federation there are trolleybus and tram routes, which pass through the area of the railroad tracks.
Recent developments
crossings operated on innovating, construction materials and advanced technical solutions implemented.All these activities are aimed at improving the security of uninterrupted traffic on the sites of intersection of railways and highways.Objects are equipped with mechanical rubber flooring.They significantly increase the speed of overcoming of the w / d fabric vehicles.To increase security, use special means of signaling.They allow to inform road users about emergencies in the area of the intersection of the highway with w / d cloth and other emergencies.It is now widely used sirens and flashing beacons are red.
Warning elements
a certain distance in front of any portion of the intersection of the highway with w / d establish special web design.If the object is not equipped with a fence element, it is a railway crossing without barrier.The sign is a white triangle, edged red line around the perimeter.In the center there is the locomotive.Railway crossing without barrier, a sign of which is shown above, is usually additionally equipped with signaling elements.Immediately prior to the rails installed warning design - a sign as a white St. Andrew's cross with a red border.
