Russian Federation is a multinational, social, secular state with a republican form of government and the way the federal unit.Accordingly, the subject - is one of the constituent parts of the country.Generally, this term is used to refer to the carrier any activity in all areas of activity.
little history
Our country has a multi-level device power.It is caused by many conditions and established historical traditions.During the stay of the Russian Empire, there was no federal state, on the device, it is a unitary form, but to some extent is still considered the national and religious peculiarities.In place of the first Empire came the era of the RSFSR, already from the title, the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic is becoming clear that the way the state structure significantly changed, and then the Soviet Union, which is also built on federal principles.Federal subject - so was called the legal status of the national republics, such as the Ukrainian SSR, the Kazakh SSR, etc.However, due to a kind of political regime, many researchers define it as a totalitarian.In the Soviet Union subjective right to remain only on paper, but in essence the Soviet Union was a unitary state.
Basics of the state organization of the country
modern Russia is also on the constitution is the country with the principles of federal device, consisting of 83 equal subjects.Federal constitutional laws clearly fix the entire system hierarchy of legal and political authority system parts of our country.Modern Russian legislation specifies that the subject - it is a full member of legal relations arising from the use of power.So, based on this logic, every region of the country has a certain autonomy, which presupposes the existence of their own government in the face of current governors and heads of republics.Moreover, they all have the legislative authorities in different parts of Russia, they may be referred to differently.Beyond that, the subject - a certain state attributes and symbols of a flag, coat of arms, the Constitution or the Charter.In this form, and presents the Russian Federation (Russia).
legal nuances
Now let's look in more detail in the delineation of spheres of competencies of the federation and its subjects.Three levels of government is the following scheme: at the top level are the federal authorities, the second stage - a regional power institutions, and finally the lower level - a local government, it must be borne in mind that the last step is not included in the structure of state powerand is a special phenomenon of civil society.It is clear that all the emerging social relations issued regulations intended to regulate them.All laws are published in Russia can be divided by the area of their activities to the general and regional.This clearly demarcated region of reference Russia, its components, and the stand joint competencies.The subject of the law, ie,Leading lawmaking authority is, in our case - is the State Duma and similar institutions of the Russian Federation regions.
ratio of state and federal law component
general laws apply throughout the country, and no regulation of the Federation may not contradict them, otherwise it will be canceled.On issues of mutual reference center and the region are also taken various legislative acts.But if the legal regulation is carried out outside of conducting the Russian Federation and solidarity conducting the Russian Federation and an integral part of the state, in the event of any conflict between federal and local law rule will be the last.Thus, the subject - it is the state, but with reduced powers, which it delegates to the central authorities.
