Currently, developers in the construction of new buildings are paying special attention to thermal protection of external walls.This requires not only building standards, but also a desire to improve their competitiveness.However, the situation with the walls in older homes is somewhat different.Owners of private houses have to spend warming of the premises with their own hands in order to keep the heat inside and the cold outside to leave.
reasons for lowering the temperature inside the house may be several: poor heating system, the presence of cracks, drafts.However, the most common cause - a poorly insulated walls.Wall occupy the largest area in the room and are a major source of heat loss.There are several ways to insulate the walls of a private house outside.
Why insulation should be carried out outside
Experts recommend to insulate the walls outside and inside insulation to be resorted to only in extreme cases.This is due to some peculiarities:
- at warming the house outside wall material protects not only against heat loss, but also from the negative effects of moisture.Domestic heat warms the wall and in the case of moisture and condensation contributes to its rapid drying.
- dew point is shifted closer to the outer edge of the wall.This prevents condensation.
- house warming outside their own hands not only protects the room from the cold, but also retains a useful area of rooms.
options insulating walls outside
There are several options for how best to insulate a private home outside:
- Installing insulation material on the wall with an adhesive solution and further covered with plaster.
- formation of a three-layer non-ventilated wall.Insulation fixing solution.Further, the outer wall is laid in a single layer brick given airspace.
- Installation of ventilated facades.Over fastened waterproofing insulation, which is installed on the windscreen.The final stage is a decorative clapboard siding or other siding.
Each method has its own nuances in performance.There are composite materials, as well as modern modified during installation you should follow a special technology.Installation of ventilated facades can be carried out even in the cold seasons, as its technology does not use adhesive.
better insulate the house from the outside
There are several types of thermal insulation material.Each of them has its own features and price range.The most popular are the following insulation:
- foam (expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene);
- mineral wool;
- polyurethane foam;
- basalt slabs;
- insulation based on cellulose.
proper wall insulation outside the house with his own hands depends on the choice of optimal variant of insulating walls.The main differences between the above-mentioned materials are water vapor permeability, moisture resistance and thermal conductivity.The first two parameters are selected based on the characteristics of climatic conditions, as well as the method of attachment to ensure maximum protection from the damp room.The thermal conductivity is taken into account in the calculation of the required thickness to achieve the optimum effect.
Calculation of the thickness insulation
begin work on the outside wall insulation should be to calculate the thickness of the insulator.Calculations carried out on the basis of SNiP, guests, and the joint venture.If we make the calculations yourself does not work, it is better to use the services of private design organizations.The thickness of the insulation depends on the performance of house heat loss through exterior walls, window frames, foundations, ceilings and roofs.Given the findings, as well as taking into account the capacity of the heating system, calculate the thickness of the thermal insulation layer.
further define the choice of material and perform insulation outside the house with his own hands.It is important to consider not only the type and size of heat insulator, but also the number of required layers.For example, it is better to abandon the polystyrene, if desired stacking several layers.For this fit mineral wool or polyurethane foam, whose thickness is much smaller.
Preparing walls for insulation
After selection, the better to insulate the house from the outside, proceed to substantive work.The main goal - to prepare the wall for further installation material.In order to achieve a perfectly flat brick, wood or concrete surface is completely removed the old layer of plaster or other insulator.
Particular attention should be given to priming the walls.In the presence of differences in the level of the wall (projections and recesses of more than 2 cm) is better to close up their special solution or schesat to the desired level.Use the following primer with deep penetration.Before priming the wall is cleaned of dust and dirt.
order for insulation to the outside walls lay an even layer and prevented the construction of the external walls of decorative brick, or plastering, you should think in advance the system plummet and lighthouses.They are used to determine the plane of the outer edge of the heater, which facilitates its installation.
to the upper edge of the wall anchors or screws are installed.They tie a strong thread and lowered with a plumb line to the very bottom.Between them are fixed, horizontal thread that form the control grid.It serves as a reference frame for mounting or installing the insulation.
Mounting foam and extruded polystyrene (Epps)
foam is attached to the wall using special glue for polystyrene plates.Sometimes these purposes construction "molds".
When Epps wall insulation surface, which will bear the adhesive solution, make rough.This contributes to good adhesion.With foam no such problems, because the glue fix it without further treatment.Frequently
to enhance attachment is used both adhesive and "fungi".This is a correct decision, which extends the life of the insulation.
final stage of insulating walls from the outside is a plastering or cladding decorative materials.
How to insulate the walls in a private house outside the foam using wooden slats
practice applied another method of mounting the foam sheets - by forming a skeleton of wooden slats.
To erect the frame rails are used, the thickness of which is not less than the thickness of the insulation.If the thickness is a little more, it will create a ventilated space between the insulation and the facing material.The distance between the strips is calculated so that the plate tightly inserted into a niche or fall.
This type of installation is acceptable in the case for finishing walls will be used siding or paneling.Reiki will serve as a basis for fixing the cladding material.
Mineral wool: particularly mounting
With mineral wool can also insulate a private home outside.Materials and advice on performance of works similar to the mounting instructions basalt slabs and cellulose-based insulation.
For a more reliable mounting sheets of mineral wool formed frame system of wooden slats.The width of the battens must be smaller than the width of the insulating material 2-3 cm. This provides a dense occurrence of mineral wool between the joists and the absence of gaps.In addition, the anchor, which in the future are put on sheets of insulation.If the surface of the walls is uneven, a two-layer mineral wool layers which have different densities.The soft layer provides good traction with the wall.
In terms of exterior trim mineral wool is more universal, as opposed to other types of heat insulators.Above the insulation can be installed outside the horizontal trim, which is mounted under the windproof layer in the form of thick polyethylene film.To cladding used decorative brick, siding or other siding.This technology allows you to create a three-layer ventilated insulation, which is suitable for most climates.
How to insulate the walls in a private house outside
polyurethane foam polyurethane foam Mounting principle is similar to the technology of fixing mineral wool.However, independently perform wall insulation using this material is almost impossible.The method involves the use of expensive special equipment, which distributes the liquid mixture on the treated surface.In addition, without having the skills to work with the installation causes many difficulties.
The main feature of this method of insulation is very fast execution of works.With the above setup polyurethane foam is sprayed on the surface.As a result of the chemical reaction transforms the liquid substance in the solid state and to foam.Insulation does not form an air space between the wall and the insulator, which provides a more robust and durable coating.
Features Polyurethane foam
has many advantages, among which:
- after solidification fills all the cracks and cavities;
- vapor permeability is much lower than that of other materials;
- quickly and securely fixed to the wall;
- excellent mechanical strength;
- good heat and sound insulation.
However, the cost of the material and its installation are rather expensive.Durability and high quality to justify the high cost of its installation.
If sooner or later the question arises as to insulate the house from the outside with his hands, instructions for use foam to help solve the problem of heat loss and to maintain a comfortable temperature in the room.
While some material is used as a heat insulator, any of the above options to cope with its main task - insulated room.In addition, the outer insulation allows retain heat and protect the surface from moisture.To learn how to insulate the walls of a private house outside will tell step by step instructions and practical advice of experts.
