philosophy - a discipline that studies the basic principles of knowledge, of human existence, the reality of relations of peace and human rights.Any object and the method of philosophy is unique.In principle, the unique and unusual, you can call all this science as a whole.
What is the subject of philosophy
It refers to a range of issues studied by this discipline.The structure of the overall structure of the object traditionally include:
- ontology;
- rights;
- society;
- knowledge.
private matter, which is engaged in the study of philosophy, quite a lot.It:
- the origin of life;
- essence of being;
- nature;
- spiritual world;
- particular knowledge;
- society;
- relationship between mind and matter;
- unconscious;
- conscious;
- social sphere of society, and so on.
methods of philosophy are also plentiful.Note that the path implied by them, as well as tools that help to carry out various kinds of philosophical studies.
Basic methods of philosophy
Among the main methods in this case include:
- dialectic;
- metaphysics;
- dogmatism;
- eclecticism;
- sophistry;
- hermeneutics.
Let's look at the philosophy of these methods in more detail.
Dialectics is a method of philosophical investigation, in which the phenomena and things are considered critical, flexible, very consistent.That is, in this study, attention is drawn to all the changes.Are taken into account the events that have led to changes that have occurred.A lot of attention is paid to development.
method of philosophy, which is the direct opposite of dialectic is called metaphysics.During his objects are considered:
- static - that is, change and development does not play any role during the study;
- apart, regardless of other things and phenomena;
- unambiguously - that is, finding the absolute truth is not given attention to contradictions.
methods include philosophy and dogmatism.Its essence boils down to the perception of the world through the prism of the original dogma.These dogmas are accepted beliefs, which can not derogate from a single step.Wear it absolute.Note.With this method was characteristic primarily of the medieval theological philosophy.Today, almost never used.
Eclectic, part of the methods of philosophy, based on an arbitrary combination of various, scattered, did not have the general principles of facts, concepts, ideas, in which you can come to the surface, but relatively plausible, prima facie conclusion.This method is often used to create a private ideas that help change the mass consciousness.With the reality of these ideas have little in common.Earlier this method was used in religion, but today it is very popular among advertisers.
method that is based on the breeding of false filed under the guise of the true, the new premises, which will be logically true, but with a distorted sense.Thought imprinted in them, they do not correspond to reality, but beneficial to someone with this method.In other words, the sophists studied methods for introducing human error during the dialogue.Distributed sophistry was in ancient Greece.Parses it was almost invincible in the dispute.
Basic methods of philosophy completed hermeneutics.This method is based on a correct reading and interpretation of the meaning of texts.Hermeneutics is the science of understanding.The widespread method was in Western philosophy.
There are additional methods of philosophy.They also are its directions.We are talking about materialism, idealism, rationalism, empiricism.
