This man is one of the greatest philosophers in the history of mankind.The philosophy of Socrates - it is something from which repelled in their thinking the great people of different ages.An interesting fact is that Socrates himself did not leave behind a written works - his ideas are always transferred to the students orally.The disciples later and recorded these thoughts.There is reason to believe that many of his sayings have been lost, and the meaning of the others we have received in a distorted form.The philosophy of Socrates came to us primarily because of Aristotle, Plato and Xenophon.
special place in the discourse of the philosopher takes nature, holistic life of man, his soul, consciousness.Unlike his predecessors, Socrates does not spend time studying the cosmos and man as a part of the world.That Socrates laid the foundations of what is considered Plato and Aristotle.
note that he was one of the first to ask questions about the position of the individual in society.Also, he paid great attention to ethics.Ethical Philosophy of Socrates contains a set of norms and rules of conduct, under which, he believed, should live every person.Before him, philosophy did not ask such questions.Socrates also paid much attention to the methods prove or disprove the truth of judgment.
philosopher Socrates is based on two principles.The first is the need for self-knowledge, and the second - in the fact that only a fool would think he knows everything.
These principles first, he used to fight the sophists - Socrates and the sophists never got along, their views differed in many respects.Philosopher criticized them for the futility of the exercise, because they expressed claims to know the truth.Also, these principles philosopher used to force people to seek the truth.In order to interest someone in the business, he used irony, which is carried out by recognizing their own ignorance.
Under the self-knowledge, he understood the quest for knowledge and virtue.These two concepts are very often it is identified.He assured that the main ignorance of the people is manifested in the fact that they consider the knowledge and virtue alone, consider that either do not affect the behavior of people.In other words, he argued that people often act on the basis of knowledge and not on feelings.In connection with this we can conclude that the ethical philosophy of Socrates is not based on morality, namely, overcoming ignorance, on the transition from him to virtue.
philosopher Socrates has other important sections.These include inductive reasoning.Here, all based on the fact that during the analysis of a number of separate items or judgments can be made through the notion of common reasoning.Inductive reasoning intended to define concepts that can express the essence of things.It is believed that he was behind the emergence of common concepts.
Socrates has made a great contribution in the development of dialectics.Aristotle said that he was not just developed but also created it.Philosophers have argued that knowledge of the truth must overcome all the contradictions.The dialectic of Socrates - is not nothing but a denial of the doctrine of contradictions, overcoming them and to avoid.It is important to add that the idea of knowledge as well as the dialectic itself is closely intertwined with theology.
As mentioned in the beginning, Socrates made an enormous contribution to the formation and development of philosophy.It ended the period of natural philosophy of ancient Greek philosophy, thanks to him, the development has received a completely new stage of this science.It is repelled by his thoughts in his writings, Plato and Aristotle.
