philosophy of Marxism is based on the works of two great scientists.Their names are Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.The philosophy of Marxism is a part of such teaching, like Marxism.
This philosophy of responding to very serious questions.She enjoyed the greatest popularity in the period from the late 19th century to the first half of the 20th century.In some countries (including the USSR) the philosophy of Marxism elevated to the rank of state ideology.
today one of the most urgent tasks of this philosophy is the liberation from the various dogmas, as well as adaptation to the current era.
main directions of the philosophy of Marxism - it is a historical and dialectical materialism.The essence of historical materialism that:
- the basis upon which the institution of citizenship, as well as the institution of society and social relations - is the level of productive forces and relations of production themselves;
- people constantly come in all sorts of industrial relations, which are independent of their will;
- basis, as well as add-linked;
- the fate of the state and the course of history determined by material production, the level of the economy and industrial relations;
- were isolated formations;
- industrial relations are changing with the growth of productive forces.
By the means of production in this case means a unique product or a higher-level functions, which make it possible to produce a completely new product.Production of new goods is not possible without the service of power.
Capitalism has evolved over time.As a result of his evolution was the alienation of the working masses not only of the means of production, but also on the results of labor.The means of production - is the main product that is in the hands of owners.At the same time the bulk of workers (meaning those persons who do not have independent sources of income, as well as their means of production) to ensure that their needs are forced to become cheap labor.
product that is produced by the employed labor force is much more expensive than the cost of this is the work of a hired worker.The resulting difference is called surplus value.As a rule, part of it goes into the pocket of the capitalist, and part of the cost of acquiring new means of production, which in the future will help to get more surplus value.
basic ideas of Marxist philosophy lies in the fact that everything can be arranged quite differently.Out Marxists see in the establishment of new social relations.With them:
- public ownership would replace private;
- ownership of the means of production will be eliminated;
- exploitation of man by man would be unacceptable;
- all results of work, as well as manufactured products will be evenly distributed among the members of society.
Dialectical materialism is based on those provisions which are present in Hegel's dialectics.However, the principles of its dialectics to this great philosopher labor relations are not - they are materialistic.
The main provisions of dialectical materialism include:
- consciousness is not an independent entity, as it is only a matter which can reflect itself;
- consciousness being determined;
- matter is constantly changing, evolving;
- God - is a perfect image;
- the mother has no end.The forms of its existence may vary;
- practice - the most important factor of development, and people change and changes only acting;
- any development is based on three laws of dialectics.
Economic and social philosophy of Marxism contains ideas that will be relevant always.
