Consciousness is conscious being, or man's relation to his own existence.Knowledge is an objective reality that exists in the human mind, which reflects or reproduces in the activity patterns and objective communication world.Knowledge - is the process of studying the man of the world or himself.With him we have the knowledge to help develop and create something new.The science of knowledge is called epistemology.
rational knowledge - this is nothing like the cognitive process, carried out through various forms of mental activity.The opposite of it is perceptual knowledge, in which a person learns about the objects and phenomena of the world with your senses.
Rational knowledge and its forms
all its forms have some common characteristics.First of all, we note that all of them have focus on reflection it was common properties of objects of knowledge.Also, they are characterized by abstraction from single properties.Drinking knowable reality is mediated.Also worth noting is their relationship with the language.
Rational knowledge in philosophy has three forms: the first - the concept, the second - the judgment, and the third - a conclusion.The concept contains all the basic properties of an object, judge anything or deny claims about the subject or phenomenon, and allows the inference to obtain new propositions of one or more old.
Rational knowledge has also search forms:
- a problem;
- hypothesis;
- question;
- idea.
form of expression system knowledge about the subject:
- law;
- scientific fact;
- scientific picture of the world;
- theory;
- principle.
There are also forms of normative knowledge:
- method;
- method;
- program;
- welcome;
- algorithm;
- cognitive tradition and so on.
between forms of sensual and rational knowledge there is some connection.Her character can be complex and dynamic.The main point is that the data obtained sensual way, immediately subjected to mental treatment.Rational knowledge is created on the basis of the information that comes directly from the senses.A good example of unity of rational and perceptual knowledge can result intuition.
Rational knowledge governed by the laws of logic: the law of non-contradiction, of identity, sufficient reason, excluded middle.It also govern the rules, which are derived from the premises during the investigation conclusions.
Rational knowledge (his trial) is always monitored and made consciously.On the way to a particular result justifies the subject of knowledge and realizes each step very clearly.For this reason it is called knowledge in a logical form of (a process of logical knowledge).
itself rational knowledge is not confined to just one process.It also includes the attainment of the desired.Such a result can be achieved unconsciously and no control.This is called intuition.By itself, the intuition is a kind of insight that comes unexpectedly.In other words, this knowledge is obtained without reasoning.
a long time, the essence of intuition was undisclosed.Scientific methods for its study is not applicable.Also worth noting is that it is not subject to logical analysis.Over time, scientists have concluded that it is a special form of knowledge.It was possible to identify its main varieties:
- sensuous intuition;
- intellectual intuition.
In the first case the knower receives any knowledge instantly, based only on the identity, the second - with the help of synthesis and evaluation.
