statistics are perhaps the foundation without which the study of a socio-economic process or phenomenon is not possible.It helps scientists in their collection of statistical observation, the quality of which depends largely on the correctness of the final conclusions.Its object is the totality of the studied social phenomena, each of which is divided into separate primary elements to simplify the study.
Statistical observation is usually carried out in several stages.The first step is preparing for its implementation, on the second - automatic processing of the results, and the third - developed proposals for further improvement of the research.Statistical observation is most often performed on a pre-thought-out plan, which sets out all the main methodological and organizational issues.
Scientists have identified two main forms of statistical observation: with the help of drawing up and registration statements, as well as through the implementation of organized specifically for this survey.The census is just one of the types of statistical survey.As for reporting, it is important to properly understand the concept of "critical moment."The term actually refers to the time when the check was made of these documents.It should be noted that the statistical data obtained by researchers various ways: measuring, counting, weighing, etc.
There are different types of statistical observation, each of which has both advantages and disadvantages.They can be classified according to two criteria: completeness of the coverage of the entire set of social and economic phenomena and processes, as well as the time of registration investigated factors.In the first case isolated censuses, sample observation.In the second - a continuous, periodic and single.In any case, the results of the study are checked for accuracy, completeness and errors.As for the survey, it is a solid, selective, monographic made by the method of the main body, biographical, current, one-time and periodic.
Reporting is a set of information that comes from various organizations and enterprises in the relevant statistical authorities.It is divided into national and interdivisional.
Statistical observation must comply with the following requirements:
1) chosen for the study of socio-economic phenomena and processes must be typical;
2) collected the facts must accurately and fully consider the issue;
3) to ensure the reliability of the results is necessary to check the quality of the studied statistical data;
4) objective materials can be obtained only with a science-based plan for future research.
