Introduction
Every day we inhale air we so desired.Have you ever wondered how, from what, or rather from what substances is the air?Most therein nitrogen (78%), followed by oxygen (21%) and inert gases (1%).Although oxygen is not the most basic of the air, but without the atmosphere it would be unsuitable for life.Thanks to him, there is life on Earth, as nitrogen and inert gases together and individually harmful to humans.Let's look at the properties of oxygen.
physical properties of oxygen
oxygen in the air is not just a distinction, since under normal conditions it is a gas with no taste, color and smell.But oxygen can be artificially transferred to other states of aggregation.Thus, when it becomes liquid -183oS, while -219oS hardens.But the solid and liquid oxygen could only get a man and nature, it only exists in the gaseous state.Liquid oxygen is as follows (see photo).A solid is similar to ice.
physical properties of oxygen - it is also a simple molecular structure of matter.Oxygen atoms to form two such substances: oxygen (O2) and ozone (O3).Below is a model of a molecule of oxygen.
Oxygen.Chemical properties
first thing that starts a chemical characteristic of the element - its position in the periodic system of Mendeleev.Thus, the oxygen is in the 2nd period of the main subgroup of Group 6 at No. 8. Its atomic weight - 16 amu, it is a nonmetal.
In the inorganic chemistry of its binary compounds with other elements combined in a class of inorganic compounds - oxides.Oxygen may form a chemical compound with both metals and non-metals.
talk about his receipt in the laboratory.
chemically available oxygen via electrolysis of water, decomposition of potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, potassium chlorate, nitrate active metals and heavy metal oxides.Consider the reactions when using each of these methods.
1. Electrolysis of water:
2H2O = 2H2 + O2
2. The decomposition of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) with a catalyst:
KMnO4 = K2MnO4 + KMnO2 + O2
3. The decomposition of potassium chlorate:
2KClO3 = 2KCl+ 3O2
4. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide):
H2O2 = H2O + O2
5. Expansion of heavy metal oxides (eg, mercuric oxide):
2HgO = 2Hg + O2
6. The decomposition of nitrate activemetals (eg sodium nitrate):
2NaNO3 = 2NaNO2 + O2
use of oxygen
with the chemical properties we finished.Now it's time to talk about the use of oxygen in a person's life.It is needed for the combustion of fuel in the electric and thermal power plants.It is used to produce steel from scrap and pig iron, welding and metal cutting.Oxygen masks needed for fire, for cylinders divers used in ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, and even in the manufacture of explosives.Also in the food industry, oxygen is known as a food additive E948.It seems there is no industry, where it is not used, but the most important role it plays in medicine.There he is called - "Medical oxygen".To oxygen was suitable for use, its pre-compressed.Physical properties of oxygen contributed to the fact that it can be compressed.In this form it is stored inside the bottles, similar to such.
It is used in intensive care and operations in the apparatus for maintenance of vital processes in the body of the patient by the patient as well as the treatment of certain diseases: decompression, pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract.With the help of the doctors every day save many lives.The chemical and physical properties of oxygen contribute to the fact that it is used so widely.
