History knows few examples where state administration was based on fear.This made it possible to strengthen the authority and destabilize society, the soul in the bud any revolutionary mood.
essence
precise definition begins with the word "terror - is ..." does not exist yet.Not every politically motivated murder and even mass repression fall under this concept.Yet it is worth trying to understand what it is.
First of all, it is worth saying a few words about the etymology of the word.In Latin terror - it is horror and fear.And this is precisely the essence of this phenomenon.The same word Ozhegova Dictionary defines as intimidating the civilian population, expressed in physical violence up to destruction.Indeed, it can manifest itself in different ways, but still in the definition missed an important point - goal.
It can be physical or psychological pressure, repression, approval of denunciations or something else, but the process is always directed at destabilizing and generating an atmosphere of general anxiety.The aim in this case is not violence as such, it is important only to intimidate people, to make them easier to manage.You can achieve this variety of methods.But by themselves they are not terror.This is only a means to manipulate the masses.
Nature
There are 3 different views on what is terrorism.This allows you to examine various aspects of this phenomenon.In addition, they do not contradict, but complement each other.On the one hand, the terror could be considered as a specific armed conflict low intensity.Another point of view focuses on the criminal element and perceives this phenomenon as a criminal offense.Finally, the socio-political aspect allows us to say that the terror - this kind of struggle to change the existing order of things.
Types and methods
First of all, is to distinguish between individual and mass terror, which, obviously, differ in the number of objects.Of course, there are a set of techniques that help to realize their goals.Moreover, it is not necessary to resort to killing and maiming, in the end, almost every person has something to lose - a job, property, freedom.Yet physical violence in various forms - the most popular type of exposure.
Thus virtually any scare tactics rather simple algorithm: it is necessary to organize a campaign in which will involve a small number of people who will be harmed, and then give the rest to understand what can happen to them is the same.Optionally use a man, a symbol of anything, quite the contrary, random victims of terror can be even more effective in the sense that every member of society will be associated with them.
Consequences
In addition to terrorism - it's always casualties, there are less obvious results.Frequent and sudden attacks not only cause fear, but also entail the destruction of the spiritual and moral values, including in the long term.There is a strain of social consciousness, which is expressed in the reduction of tolerance.It is the destruction of basic civil rights, falls the power of authority, growing distrust and even hatred are born to other ethnic groups.In addition, in some cases as a result of terrorism are destroyed not only people, but also the culture, they were carriers.The Company within a short time falls into several stages of development, and this gap is not possible even a few generations.
examples in history
The first comes to mind for many terror in the Soviet Union, the famous Stalin's repressions.Unfortunately, human history has known many more similar and even more terrible examples.
first time the concept of terror has been applied in relation to the events of the French Revolution, when within 13 months were executed according to various estimates from 16 to 40 thousand people.Some also believe that the practice of decimation, used in ancient Rome, can be attributed to this notion.
little later - in the second of the XIX century - social political terror finally took shape in terms of ideology.During this period, the world has experienced a wave of anti-colonial and separatist unrest, which resulted in gained independence India, Vietnam, Korea and others.
In the Soviet Union, apart from Stalin's repressions, is widely known for the so-called Red Terror, are expressed in the destruction of social groups declared class enemies.As a result, almost completely disappeared intellectuals, and was shot by the imperial family.
In the XXI century social and political terror did not subside.And the worst thing that ever more sophisticated weapons and technologies give cruel people new opportunities to realize their sinister plans.
