Around the year 570 in the city of Mecca, which is located in the north-eastern region of modern Arabia, was born a boy, received the name Muhammad, which was destined to be the prophet of one of the three world religions.It was with him and began the history of Islam.
His family belonged to the genus of the Quraish, who in turn is the most powerful native city.Muhammad's parents died very early: Abdullah Abdul-Muttalib died before the birth of his son, and his mother, Amina - after he was 6 years old.Therefore, an orphan brought up by his grandfather, who was the head of the genus Hashemites.According to the tradition of the time the little Muhammad gave a couple of years in a Bedouin family that has played a fairly large role in its future.It was there that he acquired such important human qualities as patience, endurance, stamina, indulgence and love for people.Moreover, eloquence and learned to love a rich and expressive language, so beloved by the Arab Bedouins.
When Prophet Muhammad was 20 years old, he got a job in a merchant's widow Khadija, which subsequently married.They had four daughters and two sons died shortly after birth.During these years, the Prophet traveled a lot around the world, and his favorite place was a cave near Mecca, where he had his first of the great events of Islam.Once, when he sat and meditated in a cave, he was the voice of an angel Dzhibriilya, at the behest of Muhammad who uttered the words, which are currently the first five verses of Surah 96 of the Holy Quran.
first Muhammad shared this story only with his wife and close friends, but over time, when he was revealed to have been a new revelation which proclaims the unity of God, the number of his followers began to grow.Among them were both simple and poor slaves, and the upper class of Mecca.These revelations and became part of the sacred books of all the Muslims - the Koran.
But it should be said that many did not accept this religion.They were pagans and believed in many gods.In Islam, by contrast, it was the supreme belief in one God, which is exclusive and unique.However, this fact only strengthened Muhammad realization that his religion is unique and very different from paganism.
After years of preaching Muhammad and his followers were numerous enemies who were abused and tortured followers of Islam.And when in 622 the Prophet became aware of the planned attempt on his life, he decided to go with his companions in Yarsib, which was later renamed Medina.With this event, called the Hegira, has its origin in the history of Islam.
In Medina, there was a rapid development and spread of the religion of Islam, Islam has penetrated into many warring tribes and bring them together.Supporters Muhammad became more and more, and after a while went Laws of Medina, who recognized Muhammad a prophet of God and formed a single and isolated community - the Muslim Ummah.
Prophet Muhammad died on June 8, 632, after a long illness.His death was a huge loss for the Muslims, they took it as a personal tragedy.After all, a commoner from Mecca was not just a great friend and a great ruler, he revealed to the world the great teaching that is followed by millions of people for many centuries in a row.
However, we can not say that the death of the Prophet stopped or stop the development of Islam in the world.In the future, the history of Islam knew many caliphs and emirs, who played the main mission of their religion - a report of the Holy Qur'an to mankind.
history of Islam in Russia began in the VI-VII century, when during the expansion of the Arab Caliphate Islam penetrated the North Caucasus.From there it then spread to the Volga, and became the main religion of the Golden Horde, Astrakhan and Kazan Khanate.Today, Islam is the second largest religion in Russia.Muslims make up the bulk of the Tatars, Chuvash, Bashkirs and the peoples of the North Caucasus.
From the very beginning of the history of Islam had known positive and negative sides, the ups and downs, but one thing is for sure: thanks to the Prophet Muhammad for countless people of all times and peoples, Islam has become an example of behavior and an integral part of life.
