Forest - is the main national wealth.These resources play an important role in economic activity.Forest Resources of Russia - is not only the production of timber and, based on its use.This production of furs, mushrooms, game, medicinal plants, fruits, that is, hunting and fishing.We should not forget about the benefits that bring the water and forest resources in Russia.Breeding Forest solves many environmental, climate issues and questions of improvement of the population.
area of forest Russia
Forests cover 4.1 billion hectares of the entire area of the world, accounting for 30 percent of the land.Timber reserves in the world have a record of 350 billion cubic meters.Forest Resources of Russia on this background looks very impressive.Stocks of wood in our country is 80 billion cubic meters.Russia - one of the richest countries in the number of forest plantations.The area of land is around 1180 million hectares.Russian forest resources is different and more varied.The geographical location of our country requires a several climatic zones.Therefore, in the Russian timber divided into several groups depending on their economic, environmental and social role.
Groups
forests Forest Resources of Russia are divided into three categories depending on their functional characteristics.The first group includes protected, water conservation and soil protection plantations.It reserves, resorts and parks, occupying 22.9 percent of all plants.Cutting these forests is prohibited, and they are protected by the state.The second group includes land in sparsely wooded areas with limited operation.This multi-purpose spaces.They make up 7.6 percent of all the resources of Russia.The third, the largest group (69.5 percent) refers constantly exploited masses.It multiwood areas where economic activity is being violent.These forest resources of Russia is constantly restored people.
categories forests
Depending on the types of forest plantations they are divided into categories.There are three main areas.The first category includes coniferous forests.This array, which is dominated by pine, cedar, larch, fir.They occupy about 70 percent of all forest land, or 508.7 million hectares.The second category - a deciduous forest.Here it is dominated by birch, linden, aspen, willow, alder and poplar.Their share in the total weight of 16.7 per cent, or 119.7 million hectares.The final category consists of hardwood plantations, which are represented by stone birch, beech, oak, maple, elm, acacia, hornbeam and saxaul.Take these crops 2.4 percent, or 17.5 million hectares.This unit is interconnected with the quality and hardness of the wood.
distribution of forest resources
Security Russian forest resources is great.But their distribution is very uneven territory.Most forest plantations accounted for taiga area.This Krasnoyarsk, Khabarovsk and Irkutsk region.Some of the numerous forest and falls to the European part of Russia.This Kostroma and the Novgorod region.North and South of the country is no different than large reserves of timber.There has been a sharp decline in forest plantations.Resource allocation depends on populated areas people.The development of forest resources has led to a reduction in their area.This situation occurs in the central part of Russia.Tundra and steppes can be called one of the most lesodefitsitnyh regions.In the southern region the biggest forests are found in the Caucasus.Semi-deserts of Kalmykia has the smallest indicators of forest plantations.Therefore, the forest resources of Russia in these areas used in the smallest volume.
Forest Use
About 90 percent of the vegetable organic material on the planet is concentrated in the woods.Russia ranked first in the number of forest plantations.Therefore, our country may, without prejudice to the environment to use wood for commercial purposes.Despite the large amount of industrial activity in the area, the annual increase is 872 million cubic meters.In general, the entire volume of forest a year in Russia is 550 million cubic meters.Therefore, it is possible not only to remain a world leader in this area, but also increase forest resources.The use of forest resources in Russia has a huge scale and involves several areas of the economy.
Forestry
It is the most developed area of the old economy.Its structure has a complex unit.Production of wood and its subsequent processing involves several steps, each of which correspond to certain industries.One group of companies responsible for the production of sawn timber and products from them.The second group relates to the processing enterprises.It's pulp and paper and resin industries.The largest paper company located in Krasnoyarsk, Arkhangelsk, Irkutsk, Moscow, Syktyvkar, Svetogorsk and other Russian cities.Those companies that carry out all stages of processing wood, called the timber industry complex.60 percent of wood is used to produce lumber, and 40 percent - for the production of paper products.
Rational use
How to make rational use of forest resources in Russia?The forestry area is great, but if it is used properly, these figures may be significantly reduced.Currently, this issue is becoming more urgent.Areas with low forest resources can experience a shortage of wood for a full-fledged business.Usually this densely populated area with a well-developed industrial production.Uneconomic to deliver wood from remote areas of our country.It is better if all the necessary materials will be produced at the location of the enterprise.Therefore it is necessary to streamline the use of forests.Recovery of volumes is a priority.We should always remember that the forest - a finite resource.Arrays can recover on their own.But for this it is necessary that the person for a long time did not interfere in its integrity.At a time when the growing power industry, construction of new plants and growing needs of the people, it is almost impossible.
main ways of preserving forest resources
How to save the forest resources of Russia?Logging of timber in Russia is enormous.To the industry can continue to deliver products in full, it is necessary to take measures for rational use and reforestation.There are several ways and directions.Firstly, the role of the state in regulating the use of forest resources must be dominant.Legislation should be streamlined and the relevant authorities to monitor this area of the economy.Secondly, the need to carry out technical and scientific developments in the field of natural resources, which will allow them to process more efficiently.The new technology will improve the processing of timber and its further use.Third, all of the natural potential of the country should be taken into account and subjected to qualitative assessment.All production must be based on the principles of preservation of ecology and the environment to its original form.Recycling should be performed and the elimination of all negative results for the nature of timber production.
Afterword
Using natural resources today, you need to think about future generations.We must give them the opportunity for a full life.Natural areas, nature reserves established specifically for this.Mankind is using the gifts of nature should help her recover to the source, this is not exhausted.This is our future and that of our descendants, which, unfortunately, sometimes even impossible to maintain in its original form.
