Demography, in Greek, literally means "the description of people."What are the demographics in general?This - the science of methods, types of reproduction of the various peoples and the factors that (somehow) affect this process.
author of the term "demography" was the French scientist A. Giyyar in 1855, while in Russia the concept began to use the 70-ies of the 18th century.Initially, the concept of "population statistics" and "Demography" were considered synonymous, but over time the situation has changed.Currently, demography is an independent science that studies the factors that affect mortality, fertility, the conclusion and the termination of marriage.In addition, this science analyzes and predicts more and demographic processes using special techniques.To understand what is the demographics, it is necessary to examine the structure of the science.So, in the conduct of demographic theory is an explanation of important processes, formulation of hypotheses, data synthesis and excretion trends.
Primary data collection is carried out during the census, which is conducted at regular intervals.Another source of information is the federal statistics.Information processing technique borrowed from sociometry and statistics that, in general, of course.In addition, this science describes the demographic processes.Analytical Demography studies the link between the various demographic phenomena and processes taking place.Thus, demographers can explain the sudden or gradual decrease in population and increasing fertility impact of various economic, social, environmental and other factors.In addition, there is a historical, social, military demographics.Demography Problems in Russia studied the mid-18th century.What are the demographics in Tsarist Russia?It basically study population statistics.In the first half of the 20th century, important works were works of scientists AAChuprov on the impact of war on the processes of marriage and divorce and fertility, and Nowosielski, who pored over mortality.
population census conducted after the October Revolution.These data formed the basis for various studies (not only demographic).However, in the 30s, all studies of this kind have been discontinued.Demography revived in the 1960s.By that time, scientists realized that the science is not just about population statistics.The researchers began to study the impact of factors of increase and decrease in the birth rate, marriage, family development.Since the 70s of the last century developed the concept of the demographic revolution, the author of which was the AGWisniewski.The Russian demographics have become part kagorny method and simulation, domestic science gradually integrate into the world.By the end of 20th and beginning of the 21st century, the researchers are paying particular attention to the study of mortality, fertility and marriage laws, as well as the development of modeling and forecasting.All this together makes it possible to answer the question about what is the demographics.
