Education and culture in the 17th century progressed rapidly.At this affects the growth of cities, the development of trade and crafts.In addition, increased cultural and political relations between Russia and Belarus and Ukraine.And there was the expansion of relations with the countries of Western and Central Europe, there have been increasingly penetrating the culture and scientific knowledge.
In the cities began to build two and three-story buildings, mostly constructed stone houses.A characteristic feature of the building became a rich decorative trim.
Education and awareness
Education and culture in the 17th century in Russia, although developed with unprecedented speed, but most people remain illiterate, but among citizens has become more literate.In Moscow, were published primers, which enjoyed good demand.There was a lot of books have been translated into Russian.Some people began to collect and store books.
It was not enough just to learn reading and writing, arithmetic and writing.State and economic activity became more complicated, there was a need for educated people who have knowledge in different areas.But education and culture in the 17th century met with stubborn resistance from the boyars and the clergy, who were set conservatively.Meanwhile, in Moscow, there were more and more private schools.And in 1687 in Russia, the first institution of higher education has become a Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy.
With 1621 for the king and his entourage produced a handwritten newspaper, "chimes", which describes the recent developments in other countries.Books, which reported the secular knowledge were available not for everyone.
knowledge in medicine based on the experience of treatment.Although spread "herbalists" (description of the medicinal properties of plants) and translated textbooks.
In 1678 published the history of the Russian state, the story in the "Synopsis" begins with the ancient time until the 70s of the 17th century.
Geographical expansion of geographical knowledge, as well as education and culture in the 17th century, has been steadily developing.Russian explorers such as Semyon Dezhnev (made an expedition to the strait between North America and Asia in 1648), E. Khabarov (mapped the land along the Amur River in 1649, and later formed there Russian settlements), V. Atlas (conducted a survey of the KurilIslands and Kamchatka), made a great contribution to the expansion of geography.Based on all this knowledge, they developed map of the Russian state, the Ukraine and Siberia.
Literature
Education and culture in the 17th century in Russia led to the emergence of new genres in literature.They began to write not only about the rich, but also ordinary people.There was a satire whose objects were the church and gentlemen.In this century there was verse and drama.Simeon was their founder, as was the author of plays in the court of Alexei Mikhailovich.
At this time, for the first time recorded the proverbs, folk songs, proverbs.Folklore strongly penetrated into all areas of culture.Widespread received Western literature translated into our language.
Architecture
monumental churches began to replace the small church of townsmen who hit a game of volumes and colors, elegant, fresh, covered with a variety of patterns.Under the influence of Belarus and Ukraine in the last decades of the 17th century architectural style of the Moscow baroque spread.His main idea was proportional to the total composition and lush decorative finishes.Much attention was paid to the creation of the bells and tiers.Concluding, we can say that education and culture of the 17th century affected the appearance of towns, making them even more beautiful.
arts
Education and culture in the 17th century contributed to the development of painting.Artists began to show its attention to the human person.Although the iconography reached hitherto unprecedented skill, there portraiture.Its founder is Simon Ushakov.
Armoury became the center of the fine arts, she was in the Moscow Kremlin.It worked both Russian and foreign artists.In their work they tried to achieve great similarity with nature.In the 70's it was created "Titulyarnik" - a collection of portraits of rulers from Rurik and ending with Peter Alexeyevich, kept there and portraits of foreign patriarchs, kings, depicted him as emblems of the different countries.
Conclusion
beginning of change in Russia has changed education and culture in the 17th century.Grade 7 school - this time, when we study the formation of our history, which was a turning point for the Russian culture.Frequent popular movements, wars, events Time of Troubles made it clear to the people that he is able to participate in his life.Outlook changed to broaden my horizons.There was progress in all areas, revealed the need for education and training of qualified personnel.
